Andrea Palladio: biography, aikin

A babban Italian m Andrea Palladio, ko da bayan shekaru 500, shi ne wani misali domin kwaikwayo da kuma sha'awa. Da tasiri a kan duniya gine ba za a iya overstated, Palladian style ne na musamman a duniya Bears sunan guda master. The master yana mai yawa da kuma nasarorin da binciken, ransa ya ba da sauki, amma shi ya jitu, kamar yadda aka gina shi.

Family da kuma ƙananan yara,

Nuwamba 30, 1508 a wani iyalin sauki Miller a PADUA da aka haifi wani yaro, Andrea kira shi daga ubansa, ya samu wani na biyu sunan - Pietro, da kuma sunan karshe - della Gondola. Times kasance wuya ga yara, da matalauta ba su da zuwa makaranta, saboda tun suna yara, yana da aiki. Musamman tun da yaron ne maraya, da kuma wani burodi ya na da shi ga kansa. Andrea yana da shekaru 13 ya zama wani mataimaki a cikin bitar da stonecutter. Akwai, sai ya sami na farko m kwarewa a cikin dutse aiki da kuma koyi game da damar, wadda ke da amfani a nan gaba to da shi. A yanayin aiki sun bawa, da kuma bayan wani lokaci Andrea tsere a Vicenza, wanda aka shirya a matsayin almajiri a cikin bitar daga cikin shahararrun sculptor. Saboda haka ya shiga cikin da'irar mutanen da suka zai ƙayyade masa abin rekõdinsa.

Formation a cikin sana'a

A farko, ya ƙware cikin sana'a na dutse dresser fa, tã friezes da kuma manya. Masu daukan ma'aikata taimaka masa ya shiga cikin guild na magina, da ya samun wani kwari samun kudin shiga. A Vicenza, shi samun damar zuwa da'irar mutane kusa da art, da kuma motsi kusa da humanist Trissino Dzhandzhordzho cewa, shiga cikin rabo na marãyu da daukan kan kanta da rawar da ya shawarta kuma ya zama majiɓinci. Shi ya nace cewa Andrea soma nazarin Monuments na Girkanci da kuma Roman gine-gine, ya saba da tsoho al'adu. Andrea karatu ayyukan Vitruvius, da kuma daban-daban treatises a kan art da kuma gine. Ya tafiya zuwa Italiya, Ya Duba, almara da kuma ko da obmeryaet fice Monuments na zamanin d gine-gine, da ziyartar Croatia da kuma Faransa. Trissino ya zama na farko abokin ciniki na gaba m kuma ya dage cewa ya dauki mafi euphonic sunan da ya zama Andrea Palladio a cikin girmamawa Pallas Athene. Architect Andrea zama kawai da shekaru 30, amma wannan lokaci ya na da wani arziki na ilimi a kan ka'idodin na zamanin d gine.

A 1534 Trissino umurci zarginsa aiki a kan kansa villa, don haka akwai na farko da aikin na Palladio - Cricoli villa a tsakiyar Vicenza. Na farko da aikin, kazalika da yawa idon sani cewa Andrea ya samu ta hanyar taimaka na Trissino, bude matasa m wata hanya zuwa cikin sana'a.

A farko nasarorin

A cikin shekaru 10 da gina villa na Andrea Palladio, daya gini daukan game da 2-3 shekaru, da m ba kawai halitta da aikin, amma kuma bayar da umurni da aikin a kan yi gine-gine da kuma wuri mai faɗi zane. Daga farkon sosai daga cikin aiki Palladio aiwatar da ka'idojinta da shi bãyukansu da ra'ayin cewa ginin ya yi kama da wanda yanki, a hade tare da karkarar da kuma muhalli. Ya zurfafa tunani ta hanyar cikin sharuddan da dubawa da wurin, shi ne mai gaskiya birane hangen nesa. Tun 1540 da ya sami dama a jere umarni ga palazzo, wanda shi ne wani muhimmin mataki a cikin crystallization na Palladian style.

A 1545, da m lashe gasar ga aikin na maimaitawa na ma'aikatar magajin gari a Vicenza. A tsohon dilapidated ginin da bai isa ga bukatun na birnin. Andrea yayi wani muhimman hakkokin sake fasalin kudin, Halicci biyu-labarin baka, ta amfani da tushe, ba a matsayin wani ɓangare na kayan ado, kazalika da wani muhimmin tsarin kashi. Wannan ya yale shi ya haifar da wani jitu abun da ke ciki na ginin da kuma kara da mai amfani yanki. The kyau na shi ne a hankali lauye da practicality. Gininsu, yanzu da abu kare ta UNESCO, da kuma muhimmanci ado na gari. Wannan aikin da ke sa Andrea shahara, kuma ya iya da'awar kwaikwayon na mafi manyan sikelin-umarni.

A garin Andrea Palladio

The m so ya yi aiki a babban birnin kasar, amma tare da Venice a alakokinsa kasance da wuya. Ko da yake wasu manya-manyan gine-gine, inda ya iya gina. Amma bai zargin cewa gaskiya tsarki ya tabbata wani birni. 'Yan gine-ginen da dama a sa'a ya zama magabatansu na birane ra'ayi. Andrea Palladio, wanda biography aka kulla alakar ta da Vicenza, samun damar. A lokacin rayuwarsa ya halitta a cikin birnin, kuma ta kusanci ne da yawa alatu gine-gine da suke da daukakar da wuri da kuma jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Titi da sunan da, Corso Andrea Palladio - wani nuni da ayyukansa. Ga ya ya iya ba kawai kawo Talan m, amma kuma aiki a matsayin birni kafa. Ƙaddarãwar titi da biyu main murabba'ai an ba su kuma an tsara don mutum ji. Facilities karin jituwa, da girma, da kyau tunani-fitar da cikakken bayani. Vicenza wani real kyauta ga m, a nan ya ya iya aiwatar da ra'ayoyi da yawa, amma wasu daga cikinsu zauna ba a kare ba bayan mutuwarsa a 1580. Wasu gine-gine kara uwa da dalibai. Amma a general, birnin embodies da yawa daga cikin m, shi ne ya sa kowane dake tasowa m neman Vicenza ganin wannan classic.

Babban ginin da kuma wasiyya da m

Andrea Palladio, waɗanda ayyukansu sa up zinariya asusu na gine na marigayi Renaissance, bar wani gagarumin Legacy gaba zamaninsu. Da ya fi muhimmanci ayyukan hada da: Roton villa, da Basilica na Palladio ta coci a Venice, San Giorgio Maggiore, Teatro Olimpico, loggia del Capitano. The gine na Andrea Palladio bambanta solemnity m ci gaba da tsoho akida, da kuma hadisai. Kamar bayan da m bar fiye da 80 da gine-gine masu girma dabam cikin Italy.

Bayan gine-gine, da m bar wata wasiyya a cikin wani nau'i na alfarma da aikin "The Hudu Books a kan Architecture" da kuma da dama treatises a kan gine-gine da Monuments, a tarihin duniya. Wadannan littattafai su litattafan ga al'ummomi daga gine-ginen da kuma taka rawar gani wajen ci gaba da girma styles: Baroque da Classicism.

Palladian tasiri a duniya gine

Creativity Andrea Palladio ya bar wani kafu daram alama a duniya gine. Yau, da gine-gine a cikin gargajiya style, wanda aka kafa domin Palladio, akwai a duk raya ƙasashe. Andrea Palladio, a takaice biography wanda ya yi daidai a cikin kalmomi biyu: "Palladian style", ya zama kafa wani dukan filin, "mai suna bayan da kansa," wanda ba shi ne hali a tarihin gine. Turai gine XVII-XVIII ƙarni halitta a karkashin nan da nan bugu na Palladio ta aiki da kuma a kan tushen da Usul.

Palladio da kuma Rasha

Ya bar ta mark, kuma Andrea Palladio a Rasha gine. Biyu daga cikin mabiyin bin, Dzhakomo Kvarengi da Charles bẽne, a cikin XVII karni kafa siffar na Arewa babban birnin kasar. Daga baya Rasha gine-ginen riga sun tunawa da ka'idodinta Palladio, gina wata babbar lamba na gine-gine a cikin gargajiya style a Moscow da wasu birane. A karshe kalaman na sha'awa a cikin al'adunmu na Andrea Palladio - a Stalinist Empire style, wanda dogara ne a kan ta ado ka'idojin.