Almajiri - menene wannan? Description, tsari da ayyuka da kuma siffofin. pupillary dauki ga haske

Idan kawai don wani lokaci zuwa rufe idanunka da kuma kokarin rayuwa a cikin duhu, za ka fara fahimtar yadda muhimmanci shi ne ga mutum ya gani. Mene ne m mutane suka yi hasãrar ikon gani. Kuma idan idanu - wani madubi na rai, da almajiri - wannan shi ne mu taga zuwa duniya.

A tsarin da ido

Jikin mutum ne mai nagartaccen Tantancewar tsarin. Its main manufa - don canja wurin hotuna ta hanyar da na gani jijiya a cikin kwakwalwa.

A eyeball ciwon siffar wani Sphere, aka located a cikin sarari guda kuma yana da uku dasu: fibrous, kuma retinal vasculature. Ciki shi ne mai ruwa-ruwa dara, ruwan tabarau da kuma vitreous jiki.

White kashi na eyeball aka rufe da mucosa (sclera). Front m rabo kira da cornea, shi ne wani Tantancewar ruwan tabarau da ciwon manyan Refractive iko. Karkashin shi ne Iris cewa ya yi aikin aiki na diaphragm.

The haske juyi nuna daga cikin abu surface da dama na farko a kan cornea da refracted, ya wuce ta almajiri da ruwan tabarau, wanda shi ne ma mai biconvex ruwan tabarau da kuma shiga cikin Tantancewar tsarin da ido.

Batu na gaba a kan hanyar da bayyane adam image - akan tantanin ido. Yana da wani harsashi na sel da suke da mahimmanci ga haske: da Cones da sanduna. Retin rufe ciki surface daga cikin ido da kuma ta hanyar jijiya zaruruwa ta hanyar da na gani jijiya watsa bayanai ga kwakwalwa. Wannan shi ne inda akwai wani guntun tsinkaye da kuma wayar da kan jama'a game da abin da ya gani ba.

almajiri aiki

Akwai m kari na mutane, "taskacẽwar shi," amma mutane kima a yau san cewa apple ake kira da almajiri a old days. Wannan magana da ake amfani da lokaci mai tsawo da kuma shi ne mafi kyau nuna yadda ya kamata mu yi wa idanunmu - kamar yadda mafi muhimmanci da kuma tsada.

mutum almajiri ne sarrafawa ta biyu tsokoki: da sphincter da dilator. Suna gudanar da daban-daban jijiya kungiyoyin na ga m da kuma parasympathetic tsarin.

Almajiri - shi ne, a gaskiya, an bude ta hanyar abin da haske ta shiga akan tantanin ido. Ya abubuwa a matsayin kayyadewa, tapering a haske da kuma yana faɗaɗa a cikin rashin. Saboda haka, almajiri daga cikin ido kare akan tantanin ido daga konewa da kuma inganta gani acuity.

mydriasis

Yana ba na kullum, a lokacin da wani mutum ya kumbura da almajiri? Yana dogara da dalilai da dama. A likita yanayi, irin wannan sabon abu ne ake kira mydriasis.

Sai dai itace cewa ba kawai ƴan amsa zuwa ga haske. Su fadada za a iya jawo da wani m wani tunanin jihar: karfi da sha'awa (har da jima'i), elation, numfashi ba zafi ko tsõro.

sama dalilai sa halitta mydriasis ba tare da shafi na gani acuity da ido lafiya. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, irin wannan jiha da almajiri ya wuce da sauri, idan wani tunanin bango zo a mayar da al'ada.

Mydriasis sabon abu halayyar mutum a giya ko narcotic maye. Bugu da kari, dilated almajirin sau da yawa nuna tsanani guba, kamar botulism.

Pathological mydriasis sau da yawa gani a marasa lafiya tare da traumatic kwakwalwa rauni. Kullum dilated almajirin nuna kasancewar wani mutum yana da yawan yiwu cututtuka:

• glaucoma.
• migraine.
• inna na oculomotor jijiya .
• encephalopathy.
• thyroid tabarbarewa.
• Eddie ciwo.

Mutane da yawa san daga cikin fina-finan da cewa suma motar asibiti likitoci na farko na duk yayi nazari idanu. pupillary dauki ga haske, kazalika da su size iya gaya likitoci da yawa. A kadan karuwa nuna wani m unconsciousness, yayin da "gilashin", kusan baki idanu sigina mai tsanani yanayin.

corestenoma

Unreasonably ƙunci matsattse almajiri - wani yanayin da baya mydriasis. Ophthalmologists kira shi miosis. Wannan sabawa ma yana da yawan dalilai, yana iya zama m gani aibi, amma sau da yawa shi ne a dalilin ganin likita nan da nan.

Masana sun bambanta da dama iri mioza:

1. Aikin, a cikin abin da takaita ne saboda halitta haddasawa, kamar matalauta lighting, Jihar barci, jariri ko tsufa, hyperopia, overwork.
2. Medical miosis - liyafar sakamakon shirye-shirye wanda, a Bugu da kari wani asali aiki, da wani sakamako a kan aiki na da ido tsokoki.
3. Shanyayyen - halin da cikakken ko m rashin mota ikon dilator.
4. Miosis hangula - lura a wani spasm na sphincter. Sau da yawa samu a marurai a cikin kwakwalwa, meningitis, encephalitis, kazalika da mutanen da ke fama daga mahara sclerosis da epilepsy.
5. Syphilitic cramps - iya faruwa a kowane mataki da cutar, ko da yake dace magani ne musamman rare.

anisocoria

A cewar statistics, kowane biyar mutum a duniya ƴan na daban-daban masu girma dabam. Wannan jeri na bangaren da aka kira anisocoria. A mafi yawan lokuta, da bambance-bambance ne negligible kuma kawai bayyane zuwa ga ophthalmologist, amma a wasu bambanci za a iya gani da ido tsirara. Regulation na pupillary diamita a wannan musamman asynchronously, da kuma a wasu lokuta da size dabam kawai a daya ido, yayin da wasu zauna tsit.

Anisocoria na iya zama duka hereditary da samu. A cikin farko case, irin wannan tsarin da ido ne saboda halittar jini, a karo na biyu - da wani rauni ko wasu cutar.

Almajirin na daban-daban diameters da ake samu a mutanen da fama da irin wannan ailments:

• na gani jijiya lalacewa.
• aneurysm.
• kwakwalwa rauni.
• ƙaruwa.
• neurological cututtuka.

Policoro

Dual almajiri - a rare nau'i na ido munanan. Wannan muhimmi sakamako kira POLYCOR, halin da biyu ko fiye a cikin daya daga cikin ƴan Iris.

Akwai iri biyu na wannan cuta: ƙarya da gaskiya. Arya zabin ya nuna cewa da almajiri da aka rufe membrane ba gaba ɗaya, da kuma ga alama cewa 'yan ramukan. A wannan yanayin, dauki ga haske ne ba a cikin daya kawai.

Gaskiya POLYCOR hade da Pathology na na gani kofin. A siffar da ƴan ba ko da yaushe zagaye, akwai ramuka a cikin hanyar wani m, wani digo, a keyhole. Reaction zuwa ga haske, ko da yake ba ya furta, akwai a kowane daga cikinsu.

Mutane tare da wannan Pathology jin babba rashin jin daɗi, da m ido gani da yawa muni fiye da al'ada. Idan yawan ƴan ne mafi girma daga 3, kuma su ne quite manyan (2 mm ko fiye), da yaro har zuwa shekara, shi ne wata ila ya rike wani tiyata. Manya sanya saka daidaituwa lamba ruwan tabarau.

shekaru siffofin

Mutane da yawa matasa iyaye mata sukan lura da cewa yaro ya dilated almajirin. Ya Kamata Na tãyar saboda wannan tsoro? Ware lokuta - ba m, su za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar matalauta lighting a cikin dakin da kuma halaye na excitable juyayi tsarin. Ganin wani kyakkyawan wasan yara ko firgita ta m Barmaley da jariri zai reflexively mika yara, wanda zai zama baya ga al'ada sake.

Idan wannan yanayin na faruwa kullum - shi ne wani lokaci da sautin ƙararrawa kuma neman gaggawa magani. Wannan na iya nuna neurological cututtuka, da kuma karin shawara tare da wani gwani ba daidai m.

pupillary dauki ga haske canje-canje da shekaru. A matasa, akwai a kalla yiwu tsawo, kamar yadda tsayayya ga mazan mutane, wanda shi ne kullum ƙunci matsattse ƴan - wata al'ada bambanci.