Access-siffar. Create wani nau'i na data shigarwa

Access ne mai iko Windows aikace-aikace, database management system (DBMS ). Its manufa - don samar da bayanai ga mai amfani a wani m tsari, aiki da ake gudanar, wanda sukan maimaita. A shirin ila yau, taimaka a maidowa da adanar bayanai. Duk wannan yana da za'ayi Access-siffar. Samar da siffofin - sauki aiki, tsara domin taimakawa mai amfani kamar yadda zai yiwu.

A Access tsari a matsayin wani shagon taga, shi ne dace don duba da kuma bude so abubuwa. Tun da tsari - shi ne wani abu da damar masu amfani don ƙara, shirya da kuma nuni data adana a Access, ta bayyanar taka muhimmiyar rawa.

Idan da database ne Access gargajiya aikace-aikace amfani da mahara masu amfani, wani tsararren tsari - da key data daidaito da kuma yadda ya dace da aikin da su.

samar da siffofin

Access database na samar da mai amfani da wani m inji don aiki tare da bayanai. Wannan musamman Access-nau'i, wanda da yawa sauƙaƙe shigarwa, data tace, duba su. Su ne na musamman abu a cikin database kuma suna da wani babban arsenal na controls da wanda akwai aiki da kai na bayar da rahoto, adana a cikin database Tables. Wadannan su ne da rubutu filayen, rajistan shiga kwalaye, rediyo mashiga, sauke-saukar lists, da sauransu.

Hanyoyi don ƙirƙirar siffofin a Access ne da yawa:

• haifar da siffofin dangane data kasance alluna da kuma queries.
• samar da blank hakkinSa.
• waƙafi siffar.
• siffofin da mahara shigarwar.
• Access-ƙarƙashin siffofin.

Create wani nau'i ta yin amfani da Form Wizard, musamman zanen.

Su ne musamman da amfani idan, misali, data shigarwa dole ne a yi da musamman siffofin. Domin irin wannan tsari, da data shigarwa filin musamman aikata wannan matsayin a kan tsari.

Form dangane data kasance tebur

Samar da siffofin a Access dangane data kasance tebur ne mai sauqi qwarai. Don yin wannan, ganin "Samar da wani" bukatar danna maɓallin "Form". Babban yanayin a cikin wannan yanayin ne na farko halittar data alluna, da kuma ta selection a cikin kewayawa yankin. A tsari nuna daya kawai rikodin, kazalika da bayanan da alaka da tebur.

Don nuna mahara records a tebur form kasance a cikin wannan "Create" button to zaɓi " 'yan abubuwa". Saboda haka za mu iya nuna a rubutu form filayen, a yawan data records da duk tebur filayen.

Bisa ga wani data kasance tebur halittar siffofin a Access kuma ba ka damar ci gaba a raba form. Wannan ra'ayi, wanda tare da data misali ne mai data selection controls a layi daya a tebur form. Don ƙirƙirar tsaga tsari, shi ne zama dole a "Create" button to zaɓi "Tsaga Form".

Irin wannan siffofin bayyana ko da sau daya tsara tare da mahara controls. Mafi sau da yawa wadannan abubuwa ne guda-line rubutu filayen, wanda aka nuna a cikin adana bayanan dabi'u a cikin tebur filayen. Maimakon pre-tsara, za ka iya yin komai siffofin.

layout View

Shirye-to-amfani translation tebur a Form view. A wannan yanayin, kawai da ainihin data records na database Tables za a iya canza, don matsawa tsakanin records. Tsara a cikin wannan yanayin ne ba a yarda, da kuma halittar siffofin Microsoft Access bukatar Tsarin controls da kuma siffar kanta. Duk wannan za a iya yi, idan ka kunna Layout yanayin ko zane yanayin.

Layout yanayin ne daban-daban daga cikin zane yanayin m dama ga zane na siffofin. Duk da haka, shi ne sosai dace domin saurin Tsarin, yin qananan canje-canje ga controls: tsaye ko a kwance jeri na su, ya kara da ƙarin rubutu filayen, canza siffofin style da sauransu. A Layout yanayin, ba za ka iya canza data fitarwa a cikin controls, yayin da zane yanayin samar da irin wannan damar.

Kafa nau'i a Design view ne mafi tsauri da kuma bayyanawa. Bugu da kari, kawai a zane yanayin ne samuwa a yawan abubuwa na zane-zane, kazalika da controls: rectangles, Lines, mashiga, haduwa kwalaye, rediyo mashiga, kuma mafi. A wannan yanayin, za ka iya canza data source ga editable form. Haka kuma, wannan hanya za a iya kashe layout yanayin.

Ƙara mai button ga form

Alal misali, kana bukatar ka ƙara a button zuwa ga tsari da abin da zai yi kusa. A cikin zane yanayin yana samuwa ga wani dukan layout na daban-daban iko abubuwa, daga cikinsu shi ne wani button. Idan ka ƙara da shi zuwa ga layout na tsari, da database za ta atomatik ƙirƙirar master key, wanda zai bayyana ga mai amfani da akwatin.

Taga haifar da mashiga bayar da wani zabi na dama Categories, wanda dauke da jerin ayyuka. A wannan yanayin, dole ne ka zabi category "Aiki tare da form." Daga wannan category mataki jerin zuwa zaɓi "Rufe form."

A wadannan wajibi ne a sanar da mai amfani da wannan button ne alhakin rufe daga cikin mold. Za ka iya barin rubutu a kan button, kuma ba za ka iya gaya shi tare da icon (hoto).

Next, da saiti mai amfani ba a sunan da button, sa'an nan za ka iya danna "Gama" - don haka samun shirye button a kan tsari, wanda zai ba da damar da shi don rufe.

Idan ka yanzu danna kan Create button, ka sa to ajiye database halitta a cikin nau'i na canje-canje, sa'an nan kuma rufe shi. A Design view, wannan shi ne wani button zai yi aiki ba. Yana aiki ne kawai a cikin yanayin da halitta.

Shi ne kuma dole a ce da siffofin da kansu za a iya kafa ta amfani da musamman maye. A lokacin shiri na master mold bukata kawai a iya bayyana tare da saituna. Next, haifar da wani nau'i sauƙi format a su hankali master ta sauya sheka zuwa Layout yanayin da a zane yanayin.

subforms

Subform - wani kashi kasancewa dace da na sauran, cikin babban Access-siffar. Samar da siffofin biyayya - shi ne ci gaban da matsayi tsarin da alluna biyu, nuna kasancewar dangantaka tsakanin siffofin.

Dangantaka tsakanin su iya wakiltar wani daban-daban irin na sadarwa ne samuwa tsakanin database Tables, "daya-to-da yawa", "dama-to-da yawa". Sau da yawa wadannan dangantakar la'akari da bangaranci kinship tare da gaban da iyaye (tushe) form kuma a na biyu (bawa).

Mene ne wani subform

Samar da subforms a Access za a iya bayyana ta da wani misali: wannan nau'i na iya zama wani nau'i na saye umurni da online store.

Abokin ciniki bayanai kunshe ne cikin wata guda tebur, da kuma bayanai game da umarni aka adana a cikin sauran dangane da daidaita da database zane. Daya mai saye ya gana da dama umarni, don haka dangantaka tsakanin abokin ciniki da kuma umarni alluna daidai da aminci "daya-to-da yawa". A wannan yanayin, da siffar wakiltar data da mai saye, zai zama na al'ada. A wasu wakiltar daga umurninSa, data za a kara da zuciyar da za a ƙarƙashin.

Sanya shi a cikin daya sarari layout na babban da zama ƙarƙashin siffofin nuna kawai hade data. Alal misali, idan tebur ne na musamman abokin ciniki mai saye, da kuma a cikin batun tare da shi umarni tebur uku shigarwar da alaka, sa'an nan subform nuni duk uku records da umarni.

fom Wizard

Create a matsayi tsarin da siffofin a Access, za ka iya a hanyoyi daban-daban. Alal misali, za'a aiwatar da labari na samar da main da zama ƙarƙashin siffofin, za ka iya koma ga yin amfani da Form Wizard.

Samar da wani babban tsari a Access, dauke da zama ƙarƙashin, ta amfani da maye ba zai zama da sauki. Ya zai ba kawai haifar da siffofin da kansu, amma kuma su ɗaure su tare da zama dole hali. Idan wannan labari halittar subform nuna ƙara da shi zuwa ga data kasance main, sa'an nan za ka iya ko dai amfani da mayen, ko kuma kawai jawowa da sauke wani data kasance tebur a kan babban layout da kuma yin shi ƙarƙashin.

Create a Fom

Ƙirƙiri subforms dogara ne a kan biyu related alluna (Authors da Books). Zã Mu yi amfani da siffofin maye. A mataki na farko zai bude master kansa, da tawagar yi aka dake a cikin Access database (halittar) kamarku. A Access 2007, misali, shi za a iya samu a cikin drop-saukar list abu "Wasu sigogin".

Wizard taga cewa ya buɗe tambaye ka ka zabi tebur ga wanda kana bukatar ka ƙirƙiri siffofin da kuma filayen (selection ta biyu-danna), wanda mai amfani son ganin. Bayan na farko tebur a cikin wannan taga, za ka bukatar ka zabi wani, wanda aka haɗa tare da na farko. Wizard zai gane da dangantaka, da kuma idan ba zai iya yi da shi, sa'an nan ƙirƙirar ƙarƙashin form shi ne kawai iya. A wannan yanayin, da bawa zai samar da halitta a kan tushen da Books tebur.

A mataki na gaba na maye tambaye ka ka zabi nau'i na bayanai. Muna bukatar a zabi "Subforms" sa'an nan kuma latsa maballin "Next".

A mataki na gaba zai ba da damar mu zabi bayyanar kafa siffofin: tef ko tebur na tushen layout. Dole ne in ce cewa tef ne aukaka ga Styles.

A karshe mataki da muke bukata don siffanta headings, da kuma danna "Gama" - zama ƙarƙashin samun damar form. Samar da siffofin kammala.

The halitta tsarin iya sauya a cikin zane ko layout view. Yana bukatar format sakamakon filin, ko ƙara sauran controls.

Samar da wani Switchboard fom in Access

A gaban babban adadin allunan cikin database, kazalika da siffofin hade da bayanai a wadannan alluna, ƙwarai dagula harkokin database tsari. Don sauƙaƙe motsi tsakanin tushe siffofin, samar da abin da ake kira Main Switchboard form. Wannan shi ne na kowa da rabi, wanda za a iya edited cikin tafin kafa hankali a constructor. Za mu iya cewa, samar da wani Main Switchboard tsari, ka za'ayi halittar database siffofin a Access, wanda shi ne ta žoye allo ko da homepage.

Yi amfani da maɓallan da located a kan shi da yawa sauki don matsawa tsakanin abubuwa, kamar yadda kowane button ake dangantawa da wani raba form. Click a kan button sa da database to yi ta miƙa mulki ga hade button tebur.

Aiki tare da

A Access, halittar Main Switchboard form ta musamman mai kula. Dispatcher Switchboard nau'i ne a karkashin aiki tare da bayanai. Idan shi ne karo na farko, ba za ka samu Switchboard tsari da kuma ya sa muka za ƙirƙirar. Pop-up taga mayen ƙunshi dama mashiga daga abin da ka iya zaɓar da "Change". Saboda haka ba za ka iya zuwa saitin sadarwa aiki faifan siffofin da sauran samuwa tushe siffofin.

Alal misali, ƙara biyu mashiga - "Button 1" da "Button 2" - a kan Main Switchboard form. Wadannan mashiga Tuntube form Authors1 da Books, wanda shi ne ƙarƙashin. By zabi "New", za mu bude wani maganganu akwatin inda muka nuna da ake so sunan button da kuma mataki ne da muke bukatar yi ( "Open form canza"). A cikin uku filin, shigar da tsari da abin da muka son danganta don ƙara mashiga.

Rufewa da saituna taga, mun sami cewa mu Switchboard form bayyana a cikin kewayawa taga. Zabi shi a cikin kewayawa ayyuka, bude taga da kuma ganin cewa shi ya ƙunshi wani sauki zane style, da kuma biyu mashiga. Danna kan maɓallan da zai sa database bude nau'i cewa button yana da nasaba.

bangare alluna

A bangare tebur bayan da aiki za a iya samu don ƙara wani sabon tebur kira Switchboard Items. Yana Stores duk saituna hade tare da samar da wani Switchboard form. A cikin akwati daya ne kadai akwai Switchboard nau'i biyu mashiga, don haka shi aka sanya shi kawai uku shigarwar:

• records maɓallan da dauke a kan tsari,
• da ayyuka hade tare da su,
• mai rikodin daga cikin mafi Switchboard form.

Design yanayin

Created Switchboard form za a iya wuya ta tsara shi a Design view ciki. Amfani da shi a kan surface za ka iya ƙara wasu amfani controls.

Main Switchboard nau'i ma yana da ikon danganta da sauran irin wannan siffofi. Wannan shi ne wani amfani alama ga tanadi miƙa mulki tsakanin siffofin a manya-manyan database inda akwai dakin da dama sassan da Categories.