A bacteria Clostridium difficile

A bacteria Clostridium difficile kawaici a jikin kowane mutum. Yana yana da hali zuwa ga m kiwo, saboda wanda ya zama m, saboda yakan mallaki pathogenic Properties, kuma Yanã da wani cuta. Yana nufin obligate anaerobes kuma iya zama ba tare da oxygen. An hannu a m tafiyar matakai kamar tsakiyan nonon sunadarai, ruri da toning na hanji bango.

Mene ne Clostridium difficile?

The kalmar "Clostridium" da aka fassara a cikin Rasha nufin "dogara sanda". Irin wannan sunan ga fasalin da microbes samu to kumbura a tsakiyar lokacin da sporulation. More kwayoyin ne iya daukar wani nau'i na dogara sanda. Kasu kashi hudu iri ne:

• Clostridium botulinum, ne causative wakili na botulism.
• Clostridium tetanum, na taimaka wa tetanus.
• Clostridium perfringens, rinjayar da ya faru na anaerobic cututtuka.
• Clostridium difficile sa pseudomembranous colitis.

Clostridium ne sanda-siffa. Yana za a iya sanya shi a cikin nau'i-nau'i, kuma ɗaure da sarƙoƙi. Isasshen motsi. A cikin cikakken babu oxygen fara ninka hanzari. A microbes nuna spores, abin da ya sa su resistant maganin rigakafi, da kuma dumama daban-daban shirye-shirye domin disinfection. A tsakiyar hujjarsu dogara sanda-dimbin yawa, da kuma wanda yake m, - da siffar drumsticks.

Clostridium difficile sa zawo daga maganin rigakafi. Yawanci shi kawaici a cikin hanji yanayi. Tare da kyau kiwon lafiya m micro-kwayoyin hana ci gaban da kwayoyin. Bayan da yin amfani da maganin rigakafi amfani da kwayoyin zama karami, da kuma yawan Clostridium ƙaruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da bayyanar colitis, sa da ci gaban mai tsanani cuta da kuma mutuwa ma na mutum. Musamman shi shafi tsofaffi da marasa lafiya debilitated cuta.

Duk jinsuna na Clostridia samar da gubobi cewa fararwa bayyanar da wani takamaiman Pathology. A sakamakon ta multiplication samar da wani toxin A da B da Clostridium difficile. A farko an kira enterotoxin, da kuma na biyu - a cytotoxin. Suna iya zama wata hanyar zawo da kuma colitis a mutane da yawa.

kamuwa da cuta

Clostridium difficile sau da yawa zaune a cikin asibitoci da kuma reno gidajensu. Yana iya zama ko ina: a kasa, taga sills, bedside tebur, a gado, kuma toilets. Spores na kananan kwayoyin zuwa da yardar kaina samun a kan hannuwanku a lamba tare da gurbata surface. Advantageously yada da fecal-baka hanya.

Da zarar spores sun shiga cikin jiki, su iya wuce ta cikin matsakaici da ciki da kuma zama a cikin hanji. A cikin yanayi na kananan hanji suna tuba a cikin vegetative tsari da kuma rayayye fara ninka. A ciwon kwayoyin ajiye a cikin hanji folds da kuma fara samar da gubobi A da B, sakamakon mai tsanani kumburi daga cikin hanji yanayi, wanda ya haddasa korar tarkace da kuma gamsai. Da samuwar pseudomembranous. A toxin fara jawo hankalin fari da maikacin jini, yayin da toxin B ne da hannu a cikin hallakaswa mataki na epithelial Kwayoyin. Wadannan matakai tsokane bayyanar colitis, na ruwa zawo da kuma pseudomembranous bayyanar.

Amma, duk da pathologies shafe Clostridium difficile faruwa bayan kwayoyin magani, kazalika da bayan tiyata. Musamman da fallasa su kwayoyin tsofaffi mutane fiye da shekara 60 da haihuwa da kuma mutane da suke kan dogon lokacin da magani a asibiti, kazalika da marasa lafiya da suke suna shan immunosuppressive kwayoyi.

Clostridium difficile stimulates rauni ko matsakaici zawo da kuma qananan ciki cramps. Duk da haka, a cikin kwarai lokuta, cutar zama mafi tsanani nau'i na colitis. Abin da ya haddasa cututtuka kamar:

• na ruwa stools.
• zafi a ciki.
• ƙaruwa.
• zazzabi.
• dehydration.
• tashin zuciya.

A 3% da marasa lafiya mai tsanani nau'i na cutar. Daga cikin wadannan, 30-85% mutu. A 20-25% da marasa lafiya da cuta na iya faruwa a sake. Recurrences cuta ne saboda da kwayoyin da zama a cikin manyan hanji bayan lura, ko saboda wani sabon kamuwa Clostridium difficile. Cutar na iya shafar yara, musamman raunana.

Cututtuka lalacewa ta hanyar wani bacteria

Clostridium difficile a daya bisa uku na lokuta tsokani zawo hade tare da shan maganin rigakafi. A wasu yanayi, bayyanar cutar da ake fama da wasu kwayoyin. Mafi sau da yawa cutar ta auku a cikin asibitoci. Yara ba sha a lokaci guda

Anitibiotiko-hade zawo (Ãdãwa) su yi matakai daban-daban na ci gaba, daga m hanji cuta har zuwa mai tsanani enterocolitis, da ake kira pseudomembranous colitis. A sabili da wannan cuta ne kamuwa da cuta lalacewa ta hanyar Clostridium difficile, wanda ya bayyana a wasu lokuta saboda da amfani da kwayoyin far.

Sa zawo ko pseudomembranous colitis ne iya samun ko da guda kwayoyin ciwon m bakan da aikin. Bugu da ƙari, bayyanar cuta ba ya dogara ne a kan sashi da kuma yanayin da gwamnati.

Clostridium difficile: cututtuka na kamuwa da cuta

Klostridioz lalacewa ta hanyar Clostridium difficile, zai iya faru a cikin wadannan siffofin:

• asymptomatic kamuwa da cuta.
• m zawo.
• mai tsanani nau'i na cuta, haƙĩƙa, sun shige a cikin pseudomembranous colitis.

Ãdãwa auku a marasa lafiya da suke halartar dogon lokacin da magani - fiye da hudu makonni a cikin asibiti. Clostridia a cikin hanji matsakaici saya da juriya ga wasu kwayoyi. Lokacin da wannan Pathology ne ba a soreness cibiyarki yanki, wanda baya rinjayar da dukan ciki. Kujera marasa lafiya zama mafi m, amma sauran ji ya rage m.

Pseudomembranous colitis lalacewa ta hanyar Clostridium difficile, yana da cututtuka mafi tsanani. Marasa lafiya bayyana goiter, tare da ayyukan mamaye Clostridium difficile. A bacteria colonizes da hanji mucosa da kuma samar da enterotoxin da cytotoxin. Kumburi tsari fara da samuwar mucosal pseudomembrane. A rashin dace magani, cutar progresses da kuma bada mafi tsanani da rikitarwa. Yana auku perforation na hanji bango, haddasa peritonitis. A wasu lokuta, cutar take kaiwa zuwa mutuwa.

Similar cututtuka ne mafi saukin kamuwa da cutar daji marasa lafiya, tsofaffi da marasa lafiya jurewa tiyata. A ci gaba da cutar da ake tare da zazzabi, zafi a ciki da kuma shugaban, flatulence, belching, amai. Akwai sauran cututtuka na maye. Marasa lafiya rasa nauyi, wasu bayyana anorexia, halin kirki ciki, ciki faruwa. More alama cachexia, yunkurin, tenesmus, zawo, surkin jini wari da kuma fibrin rufi zuwa 20 sau da rana.

Lokacin da guba da gubobi zai iya ci gaba necrotic enteritis. A wannan yanayin, ganuwar da hanjinsu suna kafa erosions da kuma ulcers, necrosis. Karuwan yanayin jiki. Akwai sanyi. Akwai bacin, stool zama ruwa, gauraye da jini. Bincikar lafiya hepatosplenomegaly, paresis na hanji, tare da bloating. Akwai iya zama gastrointestinal na jini, perforation na ulcers, kazalika da venules da arterioles thrombosis.

Sau da yawa sa abinci mai guba clostridia, ciki har da Clostridium difficile. Clinical bayyanar cututtuka da cutar bayyana kansu a cikin nau'i na guba. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, shi ne zazzabi, zafi a ciki, zawo, asarar ci, bacin. A wannan cuta bayyana duk siffofin, abin mãye da dyspeptic bayyanar cututtuka. Marasa lafiya zama m, lethargic kuma m. Korau cututtuka yana game 4 days, kuma sannu a hankali bice.

Babban siffa daga cikin cututtuka masu maimaita, wanda ya bayyana a cikin 25% na lokuta. Dalilin da ya faru ne da muhawara samu a cikin hanji yanayi. Ba za mu iya ware lokuta na sake kamuwa da cuta. Matsayin mai mulkin, nan da nan bayan da magani dawo da faruwa, amma 2-28 hours iya ci gaba komawa, irin wannan a cikin cututtuka da na farko bayyanuwar cutar.

Sanadin

Bayan ganewa na Clostridium difficile a cikin jiki magani ya kamata a fara nan da nan. A Sanadin wannan kamuwa da cuta ne da wadannan dalilai:

• matalauta yanayi.
• Danniya, ciki, neurosis.
• shafe tsawon far da hormones da kuma maganin rigakafi.
• immunodeficiency.
• malfunction Tsakiya juyayi tsarin.
• prematurity a yara.
• rashin barci, haƙĩƙa, sun shige a cikin kullum nau'i na ci gaba;
• numfashi cututtuka.
• pathogens zaune a cikin ganuwar asibiti.
• tiyata.

Wadannan haddasawa raunana jiki da kuma inganta yaduwa Clostridium difficile. cuta magani ya kamata faru ne kawai bayan da wani sosai ganewar asali daga mãsu haƙuri.

bincikowa da

Ganewar asali da cutar dogara ne a kan ganewa na cuta cututtuka da kuma ta haddasawa. Tarihi yana ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi, kazalika da ANNOBA dalilai. Kula da na asibiti manifestations da cutar. Domin ganewar asali amfani instrumental da dakin gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin.

Shin fecal Clostridium difficile. A vitro ayyana gram-tabbatacce sandunansu, kuma su spores. Microscopic jarrabawa na riga-biomaterial da kuma musamman, shi ne m dogara ne a kan mallaka pathogens. Musamman shiri domin bayarwa na irin wannan bincike ba dole ba ne. Yawan clostridia ƙayyade shafa gram. Bayan wannan irin kwayoyin da aka gano. Tumbi kan Clostridium difficile aka yi nazari a cikin wani dakin gwaje-gwaje bacteriological.

Lokacin da diagnosing cuta nazarin halittu samfurin ne da za'ayi a kan fararen beraye, wanda ya kira da mataki na maye, gano toxin kuma taimaka ayyana hanyoyin da zalunta cutar. A ganewar asali da cutar yi takamaiman antigen gwajin a immunological dakunan gwaje-gwaje.

A lokuta na musamman, da nada kar bincikowa da taimakawa wajen gano gaban toxin a tumbi. Biopsy na hanji Gabar da damar sanin wuri na foci na kumburi.

Serodiagnosis bayyana gaban toxin a IHA. Aka ƙaddara a tare da tare da antibody diagnosticum. Tsayar da dauki cewa faruwa a sakamakon counter immunoelectrophoresis.

Bincikowa da - ba kõme ba sai a radiography na hanji sashin jiki, wanda damar domin sanin inda gas tara a cikin tsokoki na jikin mutum.

An dauke da mafi m da kuma edoskopicheskoe tomographic jarrabawa. Yana nuna kumburi da kuma samuwar pseudomembranous.

Karuwan aiki na clostridia a jarirai nuna gaban dysbiosis. A jariri bloating za a iya lura a cikin wannan Pathology, rage ci da amai. Wani lokaci tamkar barci disturbances da sababbu hanji. Yawan kwayoyin cuta a cikin jarirai kada ta kasance fiye 103-104 cfu / g. Rarar nuna alama yana dauke da wani Pathology cewa ya kamata a bi.

Idan abun ciki na clostridia al'ada a lokacin da bincike a kan wani dysbacteriosis, wannan yana nufin cewa hanjinsu ne barga. Magani ya kamata a dauki hanji ta kara adadin pathogenic kwayoyin.

Yana yiwuwa a gudanar da wani binciken a kan Clostridium difficile a "Invitro". Ya kamata ya zama wani bincike na game da 1200 rubles. A ta da asali, mafi sau da yawa rubũta da zama dole likita hanyoyin.

Ta yaya rashin lafiya a yara?

A bacteria Clostridium difficile wuya rinjayar jariri jariran da crumbs na shekarar farko ta rayuwa. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da madarar uwarsa ƙunshi takamaiman antibodies da suke da tasiri kan Clostridium.

A taron na kwayoyin-hade zawo a yara faruwa duk wannan cututtuka kamar manya. Enterocolitis kuma colitis a yara da kuma hur Saide ba tare da intonsikatsii da kuma zazzabi. Marasa lafiya na iya ta da zafi a ciki, wanda ya bayyana a wata palpation Hanyar a cikin wannan yanki.

Wani lokaci akwai mafi m stools cewa tsokani zawo, wadda take kaiwa zuwa rushewa daga ruwa kuma electrolyte a cikin jiki.

A bacteria zai iya sa maimaita relapsing siffofin klostridioza tare da colitis. Wannan na faruwa a lokacin da cutar ba a warke har karshen. A wannan yanayin, klostridioz auku bayan 7-14 kwanaki bayan an daina magani.

Pseudomembranous colitis kamar yadda yaro tasowa a wani m form. A can farko na bunkasa cutar ba ci. Akwai zazzabi, belching da ciki cramps. Akwai maye, zawo da kuma bloating. A palpation ciki lura soreness. Kujera rãyar. Yana bayyana jini da kuma gamsai. Akwai iya zama guda na fibrinous overlaps. Idan zawo ne m, akwai wani exsicosis tare da Sistem kasawa. A rare lokuta, akwai wani auka.

Development of pseudomembranous colitis ne, wani lokacin ya dada tabarbare perforation, zub da jini da kuma abin da ya faru na peritonitis. A irin haka ne, yaro ya kamata a lura ba kawai a pediatrician amma likita.

The rashin lafiya ya sa ta Clostridium difficile: jiyya

Klostridioz bi kawai a wani asibiti. Lokacin da wani abin mãye da dyspeptic cuta wajabta ciki lavage, kuma Ya tsarkake ta amfani da hanji enema. A rana ta farko da shawarar ruwa-yunwa rage cin abinci.

Daga cikin magunguna amfani da maganin rigakafi-makrolity. Don su m clostridia. "Clarithromycin" da "Azithromycin" ne mafi yawan amfani da tsakanin wadannan kwayoyi. Toxin Clostridium difficile a (cututtuka da kuma magani kafa akayi daban-daban likita dangane da haƙuri da yanayin) magani iya cire cephalosporins, daga gare su - "Cefazolin" da "Ceftriaxone". Sau da yawa da za a magance pathogenic kwayoyin unsa maganin rigakafi penicillin, shi ne "Vancomycin" "Amoxiclav". Haka kuma an yi amfani da "Metronidazole".

Don mayar da microflora na hanji yanayi, likitoci rubũta probiotics da prebiotics. Mafi mashahuri ne "Hilak forte", "Atsipol", "Laktofiltrum", "Bifiform", "Enterol", "Linex", "Enterol".

, Igiyar jini "Reopoligljukin" cire yawan guba. Idan dole, rubũta antihistamine kwayoyi da kuma corticosteroids.

Gudanar symptomatic magani enterosorbents, hepatoprotectors, bitamin, nootropics, cardiac glycosides, kazalika da antipyretics.

An yi imani da cewa gudana far ne tasiri idan:

• rage stool mita;
• stool daidaito zama thicker.
• janar jihar kyautata faruwa.
• m canje-canje lura a asibiti da kuma awon na nazarin.
• babu wani ci gaban da cutar.

Idan cututtuka dage Clostridium difficile, daidai magani a cikin aikace-aikace na kwayoyin far.

Wani lokaci colitis, jawo by Clostridium difficile, suna bi surgically. Wannan yawanci ya faru a lokacin da perforation na ciwon, da kuma lokacin da akwai wani kumburi tsari na ci gaba da zargin mai guba megacolon, kuma hanji toshewa ya auku. Operation aka yi kawai idan wani isasshen ra'ayin mazan jiya magani ga wani wadãtar.

Shin, akwai wani mai magani Clostridium difficile?

Clostridium difficile kamuwa aka bayyana a cikin daban-daban digiri na tsanani. Shi yana da wani hali na kwarara da kuma mataki na rikitarwa.

Lokacin da cutar ba a guje, kuma yana da m ko matsakaici mai tsanani, da kuma cutar warke a 100%. Fever vuya ga 1-2 hours, da kuma zawo aka tsaya ga 4-7 kwanaki. Hanji toshewa, koda gazawar, kuma pseudomembranous colitis halin da ake ciki heavier.

m matakan

Analysis na Clostridium difficile damar lokacin da za a hana ci gaban da cutar da kuma kawar da cuta ba taimake su dace m matakan, wanda aka bayyana a cikin:

• a kiyaye da dokoki na sirri kiwon lafiya .
• wanka kayayyakin.
• zafi magani kayayyakin abinci.
• inganta rigakafi.
• karfafawa da na hanji microflora.
• farkon ganewa na kamu rãyukansu.
• da yin amfani da kwayoyin far.

Pathogens resistant zuwa ammonia, amma ya kashe ta daukan hotuna zuwa sodium hypochlorite etilenoksidsoderzhaschih abubuwa, kazalika a alkaline magani da glutaraldehyde. Bayan kamuwa da cuta, Clostridium difficile ya kamata a sosai tsabtace dukkan saman na ce wajen, don ya hallaka kwayan spores na microbe. A kwayoyin ba su mutu ba, a cikin aiki da barasa, amma hannunka-wanka da sabulu ne iya hana abin da ya faru na cutar.