Stoma - menene wannan? hanji stoma. Ostomy Care

Modern magani yayi wani iri-iri na wurare domin ya cece haƙuri da rai. Amma har yanzu, akwai hanyoyin da aka sani tun healers a likita yi. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne wani m hanya, da ake kira "stoma". Mene ne shi, abin da kuwa ita ce shaidar kamar yadda aka gudanar - duk wannan zai koyi karanta littattafai. Musamman da hankali ne ma biya da kula da daban-daban na ostomy, kamar yadda sau da yawa irin wannan jan suna da za'ayi a cikin gida, da kuma ingancin da sakamako a kan waraka tsari.

A ra'ayi stomirovaniya a magani

Stoma - abin da yake da shi a cikin tiyata? Wannan shi ne na musamman rami da cewa samar da m haƙuri ga likita dalilai. Mafi sau da yawa ciyar stoma hanji, mafitsara, akalla - da trachea. Mene ne wani stoma? Wannan rami, wanda ya ruwaito cikin karye m jiki da ciwon wani m catheter ko tube domin normalize haƙuri da yanayin bayan tiyata ko wasu magudi. Mafi na kowa aiki ne da samuwar ramuka a cikin kogon ciki. A wannan yanayin, da nuni zuwa share stomirovaniyu hanji (ko rabo daga gare shi).

Stoma - wannan shi ne wucin gadi ko a yi rai, an dauke ko da irin wannan yanayin wani mutum kashe? Artificial bude ba a dauke wata cuta a ciki da na kanta ne ba a dalilin tawaya, domin ba su ware da yiwuwar wani cikakken rai. Horar da a dace na amfani ileostomy ko wasu na'urorin don stoma kula, mutum zai iya cikakken aiki, koyi, wasa wasanni, don gina iyali. Amma sau da yawa shi ne shaidar da stomirovaniyu ne tsanani Pathology, abu don tawaya da kuma iyakance yiwuwa na haƙuri.

Stomirovanie iya zama na lokaci, misali, irin aiki ne da za'ayi domin haƙuri fi bayan tiyata ko mai tsanani da ciwon ya kama cewa keta wani outputting aiki da tsarin. Bayan na maido da sosai ayyuka stoma za a iya cire surgically. Amma a wasu yanayi, misali, bayan da kau da hanji stoma - a zama dole yanayin ga al'ada da harshen damo na haƙuri.

alamomi stomirovaniyu

The alamomi ga tiyata suna dauke stomirovaniya nakasar cuta, rauni, tiyata, wanda a cikin sa da cikakken ko m kau na excretory gabobin. Haka kuma, al'ada aiki ne gaji da damuwa lalace tsarin. Stoma taimaka wajen mayar da halitta ayyuka na jiki. A wasu lokuta akwai bukatar cikakken ko m kau na hanjinsu, mafitsara da kuma trachea bayan wanda bukatar halitta na wucin gadi takware:

1. Da farko wuri ne mai ciwon daji na wadannan gabbai, wadda take kaiwa zuwa tiyata don cire lalace nama.
2. Rauni.
3. Non-takamaiman da ischemic colitis.
4. Incontinence.
5. Radiation da kuma sinadaran halaka.
6. Sauran cututtuka da cewa karya tilasta yin aiki.

Yana iya zama daban-daban, siffofi da kuma masu girma dabam na stoma. Mene ne wannan? A hoto a kasa ya nuna wani wucin gadi na hanji fitsari.

iri ostomy

Stoma dabam dangane da filin na tiyata:

• gastrostomy.
• Hanji: ileostomy, colostomy.
• tracheostomy.
• epitsistostoma.

A siffar da convex da ake inverted. Akwai guda-ganga shotguns da. Dangane da aikace-aikace duration: dindindin da kuma wucin gadi.

Bisa kididdigar da, mafi sau da yawa fiye da sauran iri na kowa hanji stoma.

Kowane irin halitta bambanta manufa yanayin na aikin da bukatar wani kula da gyaran zamani.

Tracheostomy: alamomi, musamman

Tracheostoma - shi ne wani tsari na wucin gadi bude a cikin wuyansa tare da doguwar tube wanda aka shigar domin haifa lalace mutum na numfashi ayyuka. Lokacin da take hakki na miciwa, ba shi yiwuwa su rarrabe samfurin yi breaths ga mãsu haƙuri shi ne sau da yawa wani al'amari na gaggawa hali stomirovanie trachea.

Wannan stoma - a wajen hadaddun a reno ilimi. Yana ba mai yawa da rashin jin daɗi ga mutum. Musamman idan ka saita duk. Open Airways sauƙaƙe sauki shigar azzakari cikin farji na ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin cuta, wadda take kaiwa zuwa cututtuka daban-daban da kuma rage overall mutum rigakafi. Bugu da ƙari, wucin gadi "trachea" ba moisturizes da kuma warms da inhaled iska, wanda kuma bayar da gudunmowar shigar azzakari cikin farji daga cututtuka da kuma hadarin cututtuka daban-daban. Saboda haka, don sarrafa ingancin inhaled iska daga waje wajibi ne - a hankali saka idanu da iska zazzabi a cikin dakin inda haƙuri ne located. Domin humidification amfani da musamman apparatuses ko amfani da surface na rigar nama tracheostomy tube, canza masana'anta kamar yadda ta ta kafe.

A haƙuri ba za a iya tsunduma a aiki wasanni, yin iyo (musamman kura idon). Duk wani, ko da kananan ruwa shigar da tube iya kai wa ga numfashi kama.

A tracheal stoma - shi na har abada? More sau da yawa fiye da ba. Constant, shi ne kawai zai iya zama a cikin hali na kau da trachea (wanda yake shi ne m), ko cikakken rashin iyawa na mutum to maras wata-wata numfashi, lokacin da irin wannan yanayin ne ba batun magani da kuma fi.

Wucin gadi tracheostomy kafa a lokacin m aiki samar da maganin sa barci, idan kuma wasu hanyoyi don gudanar da wani maganin sa barci ba zai yiwu ba.

Kula da tracheostomy

Tracheostomy bukatar yau da kullum da kula dace:

1. Kowane 'yan sa'o'i da matsanancin tube ya kamata a wanke da sodium hydrogen carbonate bayani (4%) domin degumming sharan gona daga rami.
2. Don hana samuwar fata kumburi da cututtuka dole rike rabo a kusa da traheosomy. Don yin wannan, a wata tukunya moistened auduga bukukuwa furatsilina bayani. Sa'an nan kuma, yin amfani da hanzaki shãfe gani fata yankin da tracheostoma. Sa'an nan tambaya tutiya maganin shafawa ko manna Lassara. Kaddamar aiki ƙare bakararre Yana shãfe. Kayyade bandeji da farar ƙasa.
3. Lokaci-lokaci, shi ne shawarar zuwa tsotse da abinda ke ciki na trachea, a matsayin rabo na marasa lafiya da wani tracheostomy iya ba da cikakken bayyana makogwaronsa, wadda take kaiwa zuwa stagnation na gamsai kuma, kamar yadda wani sakamako, wahalar numfashi. Domin irin wannan magudi da haƙuri da su zauna a kan gadon da kuma rike da manual kirji compressions. Zuba ta cikin bututu a cikin trachea na 1 ml na sodium bicarbonate (2%) zuwa liquefaction na gamsai. Sa'an nan kuma ka bukatar ka saka a cikin wani catheter tube tracheobronchial. By attaching musamman tsotsa, cire gamsai na trachea.

Dace kula da stoma ne musamman da muhimmanci, kamar yadda wani take hakkin da ayyuka na iya haifar da numfashi kama.

gastrostomy

Gastrostomy aka samu daga na ciki yankin domin mutum abinci mai gina jiki a lokuta inda haƙuri ba zai iya yin nasu abincin. Saboda haka, allura ruwa ko Semi-ruwa abinci kai tsaye a cikin ciki. Mafi sau da yawa wannan ne na wucin gadi yanayin, kamar mai tsanani raunin da a cikin postoperative zamani. Saboda haka gastrostomy a rare lokuta kuma zai iya zama m. Lokacin da tanadi da aiki na kai-yarda gastrostomy abinci rufe surgically.

Ta yaya ya kamata kula ga gastrostomy?

Ciki stoma - shi ne abin da shi ne, a wasu lokuta, da sa? By tsawwala m gastrostomy samu roba tube, musamman ga shari abinci a ciki. A lokacin da ciyar mazurari saka domin saukaka, kuma a cikin jinkiri tsakanin abinci clamped bututu thread ko wani fil.

Lokacin da gastrostomy main nufi shi ne lura da fata kula kusa da bude su hana fata kumburi, kyallen rash, wani shigowa. Rabo daga fata a kusa da stoma farko sarrafa furatsilina bayani amfani da auduga da bukukuwa da forceps, sa'an nan barasa. Sa'an nan smeared aseptic maganin shafawa. Gama da cikin Kaddamar da bandeji.

Epitsistostoma: alamomi, kulawa

Epitsistoma fitarwa daga cikin mafitsara zuwa na ciki bango surface amfani na musamman catheter. Alamomi ga irin wannan magudi shi ne rashin iyawa na haƙuri ga halitta urination saboda dalilai daban-daban. Akwai epitsistostomy wucin gadi da kuma m.

Yana bukatar musamman da lura da irin wannan stoma. Menene wannan yake nufi? Kula epitsistostomoy wajen rikitarwa: dole ne mu iya ba kawai don wanke catheter da kuma kula da fata a kusa da shi, amma kuma ya wanke cikin mafitsara da kuma maye gurbin jakar. Saboda haka yana da kyau idan irin wannan hanyoyin za a yi ta ƙwararren mai nas ko nas.

Epitsistoma ya gabatar da wasu gazawa a cikin haƙuri na da harshen damo. Saboda haka, haƙuri ba da shawarar zuwa iyo, wasa wasanni, a lokaci mai tsawo a low yanayin zafi.

Wajibi ne a hankali saka idanu da m na catheter, da kuma yankin na fata a kusa da shi. Sau biyu a rana, da fata ya kamata a wanke da sabulu da kuma ruwa, da kuma matsanancin tube da kuma jakar - kamar yadda clogging.

Yana da muhimmanci wajen saka idanu da yawa da kuma ingancin da kima. Akwai ya kamata ba ruɓaɓɓen jini da jini - da irin bayyanar cututtuka ya kamata ka nemi agajin gaugawa. Yana kuma bukatar gwani shawara a hali na kara haƙuri da yanayin jiki, fitsari girma raguwa, canza launi, lalacewa ko cuta daga cikin catheter na da wuri, gaban ƙananan ciki zafi.

Hanji stoma: Nau'in

Hanji stoma - shi ne abin da shi ne, abin da iri ne a can? Wannan irin bude kuma ake kira "wucin gadi Gut". Saita lokacin da take hakki na m jiki bayan daban-daban tiyata. Alal misali, sa'ad da hanji an cire, ko da wani rabo daga gare shi. A wannan yanayin, shi ne zama na dindindin stoma. Kuma, misali, bayan kau na hernia, wanda ya kai ga jiki ta rashin iyawa mu jimre wa fecal tukar tumbi da sauƙi stomirovanie Surgeons yi ta wucin gadi yanayi.

Launch na ciki bango na ciwon kira colostomy. A bakin ciki - iliostoma. Waje da iri ana outputted zuwa gaban na ciki bango rabo hanji. Wannan stoma - mai fitsari a cikin nau'i na rosettes, wanda aka shigar a waje Colostomy bags.

Domin ya hana post-gudanar da rikitarwa da kuma yaduwar wari stoma hanji bukatar yau da kullum ana gyara.

Yadda za a kula da hanji stoma?

Hanji stoma akai akai, fiye da sauran jinsunan, akwai ci gaban da rikitarwa hade tare da m kula. Sabanin ga sanannen imani, colostomy bags kamata a canza kawai a lokacin da ya cancanta, tun m canje-canje na leads to hangula da kuma lalacewar da stoma da kuma yankin da rami. Dangane da irin stoma bags kamata canza shi da irin wannan tsari:

• odnokomponentoy lokacin da abinda ke ciki na tsarin ya kai rabin ko haƙuri rashin jin daɗi zo daga karɓar daga cikin jakar.
• lokacin da biyu-bangaren m tsarin da farantin an bar for 3 days.

Kai tsaye jakar domin samun fecal tufafi a lokacin defecation. Bayan haka, da zarar cire, stoma miki da aka tsabtace da sabulu da kuma ruwa, bushe shãfe gani share jiki. Sa'an nan lubricated miyagun ƙwayoyi "Stomageziv" da kuma hanji mucosa - man fetur jelly su hana fatattaka. Superimposed zane, folded a dama yadudduka, gyarawa plaster bandeji, sa'an nan ya sa a kan tufafi. Kula da stoma - wani muhimmin bangaren da haƙuri ta dawo.

rikitarwa

Matsalolin bayan tiyata stomirovaniya - halin da ake ciki ne quite na kowa. Stoma tiyata na bukatar m likita dubawa da kuma kula dace. Abin da matsaloli iya tashi, yadda za a magance da kuma hana su, dauki mukalli:

1. Okolostomny dermatitis (fata hangula). A hangula iya faruwa saboda rashin goyon baya, m da kuma kwayoyi, karfafa daidai ba catheter. Akwai kona, itching, kurji.
2. Zub da jini daga wucin gadi takware iya lalacewa ta hanyar rauni ga mucosa ko catheter tube. Yawanci, wadannan raunuka ba sa likitoci tashin hankali da kuma gwada da kansa. Amma idan da zub da jini ya wuce kima, kuma ba a daina ga 'yan sa'o'i, bukatar gaggawa taimakon likita.
3. Karyata (stoma retracts ciki). Irin wannan yanayin da ke sa shi wuya yin amfani da ileostomy, kuma da matsanancin rabo daga cikin catheter tube. Rikitarwa da kuma fata kula. Ya kamata tuntubar wani gwani.
4. Stenosis (takaita daga cikin rami). Idan stoma aka quntata wa irin wannan har ta ayyuka an keta (ba tare da gwada faeces ko wani hanji stoma wahala numfashi a lokacin da tracheostomy), da m baki zama dole. Takaita da rami ne saboda kumburi tafiyar matakai.
5. Asarar hanji stoma ga 'yan santimita ba ya karya ta ayyuka da kuma ba ya shafar haƙuri da yanayin. Amma akwai lokuta na cikakken hasãra. Sau da yawa da wannan ya auku a lokacin da Littafi jiki aikinsa, tari. Dangane da halin da ake ciki za a iya prolapsed stoma nasu dama. Tare da m asarar kamata shawarci likita.

Stoma - ba da wata cũta ba, amma, duk da haka, wani mutum a cikin wannan yanayin yana bukatar m magani da kuma kulawa. Dukansu wucin gadi da kuma m stoma bukatar yarda da likita prescriptions. Zabi wajen domin shawarar kula sana'a irin, da kuma siffar sa, kamar yadda kawai Likita zai ƙayyade abin da irin mai karɓar kuma catheter, pastes da man shafawa zai zama mafi inganci, kuma dadi ga mãsu haƙuri a cikin wani musamman likita hali. A lokacin da zabar, la'akari da size da kuma irin rami, ta dalili, da irin fata, da mãsu haƙuri ta propensity zuwa allergies, kuma da yawa wasu related dalilai. Shin, ba kai - ku yi ɗã'a ga makõma gwani.