Real sunan Utesova. Biography Leonid Utesov

Duba a kusa da kuma kokarin a sami wani wanda ba ya san abin da kyau na Odessa? "Domin Odessa" a kalla sau daya muka ji cikakken dukan mazaunan ƙasarmu. Wasu sun kasance a can da kuma numfasawa da shi musamman iska, ta sauran soyayya da kuma sani daga littattafai, fina-finai da kuma songs. Kamar yadda suka ce a Odessa, "kada ka so da songs? Suna da ni! "Kuma na farko makadi da kuma singer wanda zo hankali a cikin wannan hali, ba shakka, Leonid Utesov. The real sunan wannan almara a kowane gidan wasan kwaikwayo, cinema kuma music - Vaysbeyn da real name - Li'azaru ko Leiser. Gidan shi aka kira kawai Ledyaev Ledechka.

Yara a Odessa

Leonid Osipovich Utesov biography fara Maris 22, 1895 (a cikin kundayen nuna kwanan wata 21 Maris) a birnin Odessa. Sa'an nan, a lambar 11 a kan triangular gefen titi a Yaron da aka haife wanda ya zama sananne kansa da kuma girmama garinsu aka ƙaddara. Shekaru masu yawa daga baya, na canza sunan titi zuwa titi Utesova.

Vaysbeyn Family (real name Utesova) ya manyan - da mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa da 'ya'ya biyar. Uba, Joseph (Osip) Kalmanovich aiki forwarder a tashar jiragen ruwa, to, uwa - Malka Moiseevna - tsaya a kwalkwali na iyalinsa, iko duka iyali (ciki har da mijinta) tare da mai kauri hannunka. Yahudawa mahaifiyar matarsa - shi ne "wani abu dabam," don haka babu wanda ya tayar da matriarchy a cikin gidan, a cikin triangular gefen titi. Ledechka, a fili gaji fushi da mahaifiyarsa, wadda ba za a iya nuna a cikin ransa. Amma idan Malka Moiseevna aika your hali warware iyali al'amurran da suka shafi - management mijinta da kuma yara, da nasara yaƙi da sayarwa a kan Privoz, da Ledyaev splashed shi ga wasu a waje gidan mahaifinsa.

Da farko, ya yi aiki tukuru da kuma nasarar suka yi yãƙi, kuma ko da ya zama da ɗan wani Celebrity a boys 'jama'a na Odessa. Abu na biyu, Ledyaev Vaysbeyn shi ne kawai dalibi fitar daga cikin Commercial College Faig - cibiyoyin, mashahuri domin ta m domin. A waɗannan kwanaki, Yahudawa (da real name Utesova, kamar yadda muka tuna, Yahudawa) zai asusu domin kawai 5% na jimlar yawan dalibai na makarantun a Rasha. Kawai Faig da izinin sami 50% na yara na zaba mutane. Ledyaev Vaysbeyn (real name Utesova) ko dai buga, ko doused a tawada daya daga cikin malaman da aka fitar daga ganuwar da ma'aikata har abada. Ba da da ewa, wani matashi hoodlum hayar a wani ziyara circus Borodanova da matsayi na "marubuci Bill" da kuma bar birnin.

nomadic rai

A cikin circus, ya koya wa tafiya da tightrope, da trapeze, to ba daɗi da masu sauraro a cikin nau'i na "ja-masu gashi wawa." Pokolesil da birane da ƙauyuka, a 1912 Ledyaev koma zuwa Odessa kuma ya tafi aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na comedy da farce zuwa Skowronski. Duk da haka, ya mayar da shi wani yanayin: "Babu Vaysbeyn" (real name Utesov) - da kuma shawarci masa ya zabi wani mafi girma da xaukaka sunan. Sun Artist gane shawara a zahiri da kuma fara zaɓi wani sunan barkwanci, a tune da sunan tudun: Rocks, Gorin, Gorsky, kuma a karshe da cliffs. A daidai wannan lokaci na sake Ledyu a kan Lenya.

Daga wannan lokacin Utesova real name za a san kawai a ƙunƙuntaccen iyali da'irar. Kasarsa sani da kuma son da sabon "daukaka" sunan.

"Me kuke kira wani jirgin ruwan ..."

A 1913, sabuwar Leonid Utesov (real name ba zai bayyana a kan playbills) ya shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na miniatures, aka located a birnin Kremenchug. Ga Theatrical aiki dauki kashe.

The matasa artist fito da wani amfani a karkashin lakabi "Daga bala'i da trapeze." A play ya mai yawa hours. Da farko Leonid yi fitar scenes daga ban mamaki yi, sa'an nan ya rera yi operetta, bayan ya rera waka da farko goge a goge uku sa'an nan taka da pantomime. Amma dai ba duka. Sa'an nan ya zo satirical couplets, m labarin, dance, song, parody, Canje-Canjen, kuma a karshe - yawo a kan wani trapeze. Ya aka sosai samu, musamman a Odessa. A babban fan of m matasa actor ta iyawa shi ne shahararren Sarkin underworld - Misha Yaponchik (Vinnitsa ya real name). Leonid Utesov, ya fiye da sau daya taimaka a batutuwa da suka shafi da (Mishkin) "Department".

aure

Kamar kowane m artist, da kuma musamman matasa da kuma zafi, Leonid bayyana yalwa da magoya. Bugu da kari, ya kai a kai yana da wani al'amari da ya da abokin tarayya a kan wasanni. A aure da wani matashi actress Elena Goldina (Lena) a shekara ta 1914. Ba da da ewa sunã da wata 'yar Edith aka haife. A wannan bangare na iyali tsira gaba 48 shekaru. Elena, kazalika da Malka sau daya, ya ɗauki kwalkwali na iyali jirgin cikin hannuwansu, da kuma godiya ga ta, sai ya zauna da ninkaya don haka dogon.

Theatrical rai

Leonid Utesov doke a wani iri-iri sinimomi: Big da Small Richelieu, dada wasan kwaikwayo na birnin Kherson, a hannu wasan kwaikwayo "Mosaic". Bugu da kari ga gidan wasan kwaikwayo scene, matasa actor bayyana a mataki. A 1917 ya lashe gasar kupletistov da aka gudanar a Gomel. A shekara ta 1919 ya taka leda a kananan rawa a cikin fim "Lieutenant Schmidt - mayaƙin 'yanci."

A twenties na cliffs da iyalinsa koma farko zuwa Moscow sa'an nan zuwa Birnin Leningrad. Ya wuce daga daya gidan wasan kwaikwayo zuwa wani, ba zama dogon.

Samar da wani jazz ƙungiyar makaɗa

Wannan "flutter" dade har 1928, lokacin da Leonid Utesov karshe na tarar da babban soyayya - jazz. Haka ya faru a lokacin tafiya da iyãlinsa, a Paris. Akwai ya halarci wasan kwaikwayon na American Jazz Orchestra karkashin shugabanci Teda Lyuisa, kuma ya farin ciki da abin da ya gani, ya kuma ji. Back gida, Leonid iya tsara da nasu jazz band, wanda ya kira "Tea-jazz". Sa'an nan da sunan canja sau da yawa (jihar Jazz Orchestra na RSFSR, Jihar pop ƙungiyar makaɗa RSFSR), amma babban abu ne cewa tawagar ya iya wasa jazz, a Soviet Rasha, wanda yake shi ne m kwatance, kamar wannan, ya ce ko kadan, m.

Da farko, da ƙungiyar makaɗa buga kagaggun waje qagaggun, duk da haka, nan da nan sanya dalilin da ya sharhin musamman rubuta songs kuma instrumental guda. A fi so marubucin ya Ishaku Dunaevskii - wani sirri aboki na Leonid Utesov.

"Jolly Fellows"

Sanshi da Lyubov Utesovu da ƙungiyar makaɗa kawo shiga a cikin shahararrun fim Alexandrov "Jolly Fellows", wadda aka saki a cikin 1934. Bayan da cikakken dukan mazaunan ƙasar fara raira waƙa ya songs kuma koyi da actor ta fuska.

War kuma postwar shekaru

A lokacin WWII, Leonid Utesov tafiya tare da kide na gaba, akai-akai fadi a karkashin harin bom da dakarun, amma ya ci gaba da magana a gaban sojojin.

Lokacin da yaki ya ƙare, da ƙungiyar makaɗa Utesov rangadin kasar, abi'a goyon bayan compatriots, saboda, a cikin kalmomi na kansa song, "Mun gina song kuma taimaka mana rai." A m shekaru, na gama ci gaba concert aiki ya fara wasanni a rediyo da telebijin, wajen records. Utesova yar, Edith, ya bayyana tare da mahaifinsa - wani soloist tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa.

A cikin ragewa shekaru

A shekarar 1962 ya mutu matarsa Elena. Duk da dogon layi daya dangantaka da Antonina Revel, tsira daga mutuwar da ƙaunar daya ya juya zuwa Leonid Osipovich fitina.

Ya daina magana, kuma kawai sai dai tilas ya bar gidan. Gaskiya Antonina zauna kusa, amma a hukumance aure cliffs miƙa ta kawai shekaru 20 daga baya, bayan da 'yarta ta mutuwa a 1982 daga rashin lafiya mai tsanani. Amma farin ciki ya short-rayu. Bayan 'yan watanni, Leonid Osipovich mutu yana da shekaru 87 da shekaru.

Duk da cewa mafi ransa Utesov rayu ne a Birnin Leningrad, ya ko da yaushe ya kasance Odessa. Kuma yanzu, shekaru 30 bayan mutuwarsa, da tunani game da wannan mutum, za mu ga rana-drenched tituna, mun ji a kan lebe m teku iska da kuma ji:

"Akwai wani birni da nake gani a mafarki,
Oh, idan kawai ka san yadda masoyi
A Black Sea wanda ya bayyana gare ni
A flowering acacias birni ... "