Mikhail Kalatozov: biography, Filmography, photos

Wannan mutumin ya nuna ƙwarai a cikin gwaninta a dama matsayin. Ya zama shahararren matsayin screenwriter kuma a matsayin darektan da kuma matsayin sadarwarka. Mikhail Kalatozov alama babbar awards, kasancewa ma maigidan "m" regalia. A rubuce yake cewa da yawa daga articles da makala game da vicissitudes ransa cire kamar yadda biyu Documentaries. Menene m hanyar da Maestro? Ka yi la'akari da wannan tambaya a cikin mafi daki-daki.

sada bayanai

Kalatozov Mihail Konstantinovich aka haife shi a babban birnin kasar Georgia Disamba 28, 1903. Kakanninsa suka daga wani tsoho 'ya'yan sarakuna iyali Amiredzhebi. Uncle na gaba darektan ya yi aiki a matsayin janar daga sarki da kansa. Ya kamata a lura cewa Estate Kalatozova akai-akai ziyarci da wakilan da na gida kawo dukkan, wanda ya ƙaunace magana game da makomar kasar. Amma sa'an nan ya zo da Oktoba juyin juya halin, wanda ya yi sabawa al'adar yaro.

Fara na aikin

A 1917, Mikhail Kalatozov, wanda biography, lalle ya cancanci musamman shawara, sai ya fara Bama rayuwa. Ya yi aiki da kuma ma'aikacin, da kuma ma'aikacin, da direba.

A shekarar 1923, wani saurayi ke aiki a kan Metropolitan film studio farko a matsayin direba, sa'an nan - da projectionist. Himma da alhakin hali zarar ya lura da saurayi, da kuma yanzu Mikhail Kalatozov taimaka a kan sa. Bayan wani lokaci sai aka amince a matsayin edita da kuma hotuna. A lokacin da ya aiki a Tbilisi studio saurayi ya fara duba a dama aikin da, wanda aka kai tsaye ko a kaikaice da hannu a cikin cinema.

Trial balan-balan Kalatozova a matsayin marubuci ya fim "Yana Tariel Mklavadze", harbe Ivanom Perestiani a shekara ta 1925. Bayan wani lokaci, Mikhail Kalatozov riga da hannu da kuma matsayin marubuci da kuma matsayin ma'aikaci a cikin "Gulli" zane-zane da kuma "Gypsy jini". A ãdalci ya kamata a lura da cewa mahaliccin sanannen fim "The Cranes suna yawo" ba sanã'anta m shahararsa a matsayin actor, duk da ya tsawwala bayyanar, amma ya directorial ayyukansu filigree da nazarinsa. Mikhail Kalatozov, wanda fina-finai suna shakka kunshe a cikin kasa taskar Cinématographe, a karon farko don gwada kansa a cikin wani sabon damar a karshen cikin 20s.

darektan na aiki

Maestro halarta a karon aikin da aka fim "Su Kingdom", wanda ya directed tare da haɗin gwiwar Nutsoy Gogobiridze. Tuni a cikin wannan hoton Mikhail Kalatozov fara nuna uncut individualism, samar da musamman illa da kuma lighting kusassari, cimma a kalla 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da labarun almara da haruffa. A 1930 wani saurayi ne riga daya daukan wani shiru film da ake kira "Gishiri da Svaneti", wanda ya gaya game da rayuwar wani takamaiman al'umma.

Lokacin yin fim Michael K. amfani ethnographic abu na shirin Genre, ya ya iya yin tsayayya da wani magana a cikin wani canji na tsare-tsaren, yin wannan aikin da aka nuna godiya da fim sukar matsayin "m".

Boko canji na vector

A zamanin da shiru movie hankali sun ɓãci, kuma Maestro ba nan da nan iya kama sabon yayi a art. A 1932nd Mikhail Kalatozov halitta fim "A ƙusa a cikin taya," amma da aikin ke kada a gane shi a cikin masu sauraro. Da gazawar da fim ne sosai painfully Jojiyanci darektan. Ya nemi ya bar aiki a kan lokaci a kan sa. Maestro ke zuwa karatu a Jihar Academy of Art, kuma daga baya ya zama shugaban Tbilisi Tsakiya studio. Da yake a wannan wuri, Mikhail Kalatozov (real name - Kalatozishvili) yana sahun gudanar da sauye-sauye a cikin movie tsari, da haɓaka kayan aiki da kuma aiki sarari domin nuni.

Duk da haka, irin wannan sababbin abubuwa suna son ba faufau duk da hukumomi, da kuma bayan wani lokaci da Maestro aka zarge shi da "dasa cikin bourgeois zamani." Kalatozov aika zuwa birnin a kan Neva.

Komowa zuwa darektan

A marigayi 30 ta cikin Maestro sami aikin yi a "Lenfilm", wanda za a fara harbi da fim "Jaruntakan." A 1941 ya zo daga a sinimomi ne wani hoto na darektan - "Valery Chkalov". Dukansu fina-finan gaya game da exploits na Soviet matukan jirgin, saboda haka, suna da wani runaway nasara tare da masu sauraro. A mãkirci daga cikin fim sukar kamar Chkalov, amma hoton na protagonist buga da Vladimir Belokurova zama model su bi.

Mikhail Kalatozov wanda photo bayan "Valery Chkalov" za a buga duk na kasa jaridu, gayyace a fina-finai game da matukan jirgi aiki na mashawarta 'yan wasan kwaikwayo - Serafim Birman, Arkadiya Raykina, Mark Bernes. Babu kasa rare Maestro Ya azurta film "iya karawa," wanda ya dauki kan daidai da sanannen darektan Sergei Gerasimov a 1942.

aiki a} asashen waje

A 1943 darektan Mikhail Kalatozov za a canjawa wuri zuwa wani administrative post da kuma dan lokaci aika zuwa Amurka bourgeois. A nan, ya yi aiki a matsayin izini wakilin Cinema kwamitin Soviet cinema. Yana kasashen waje rabo za su tura shi ga mashãwarta Litsedeyami XX karni - Charlie Chaplin, Jean Gabin, Anri Matissom.

Daga Amurka Maestro zai kawo zamani da fasahar harba fina-finai da kuma za su fara tashi a studio "Mosfilm". Bisani, ya zai dauki kan matsayin shugaban na Main Directorate of art na cinematography, sa'an nan da alhakin post na mataimakin ministan Cinematography na Tarayyar Soviet. Duk da haka, darektan Michael K. aiki zai biya mai yawa da hankali.

Ci gaba da aikin a matsayin darektan

A 50-ies a cikin Soviet fuska nuna wani fim Kalatozova kira "hada baki da wanzuwa" tushen Wirth taka. Domin wannan aiki, da Maestro aka bayar da Stalin Prize. Sa'an nan ya dauki kashe ya film "maƙiya Whirlwinds", wanda aka cika da tsanani siyasa abubuwan. A shekarar 1954 ya sauke karatu daga darektan aiki a kan satirical comedy "Gaskiya Friends", wadda har yanzu ƙaunar da m masu sauraro daga cikin mazan tsara. Kuma, ba shakka, shi ne ya kamata a lura dabam Soviet blockbusters "The Cranes suna yawo", halittar wanda Michael K. yi aiki a shekarar 1957.

Wannan bil'adama labarin na gwagwarmayar zaman lafiya ya zama wani classic na Soviet cinema. A shekarar 1964, da masu sauraro suka ga film "I - Cuba", da rubutun ga wanda Kalatozov rubuta tare da mawãƙi Evgeniem Evtushenko. Last movie Maestro ya "The Red alfarwa" (1969). A game da labarin - labarin da ceto na iyakacin duniya balaguro na Umberto Nobile.

Personal rai

Shahararren fim darektan, lashe 1965 title na jama'ar kasar Artist na Georgia, da kuma a 1969 - title na jama'ar kasar Artist da Tarayyar Soviet, ya auri 'yar jakadan na Italiya Jeanne Valatsi. Su sani ya faru a lokacin wani biki a Batumi. A marigayi 20-ies na Maestro Yana da wani ɗa George, wanda daga baya ya ci gaba da mahaifinsa daular. Mata da ewa ba bayan ceto samu Jojiyanci dan kasa ASSR. Duk da haka, aure zuwa wani baƙo ne, Mikhail Konstantinovich bayan wani lokaci rushe: da darektan ya bar Georgia, da kuma Jeanne da ɗanta zauna a Tiflis.

Kamar yadda ya jikan, Kalatozov, duk da mãsu nauyi hutu tare da iyalinsa, ya zama mai farin mutum, domin shi ya iya cimma duk abin da ya so daga rayuwa. Da yake a arewacin babban birnin kasar, da darektan passionately cikin soyayya tare da actress Elenu Yunger, amma sai aka ba ƙaddara ta a tare. Michael K. mutu Maris 26, 1973, da kuma an binne shi a cikin Novodevichy hurumi babban birnin kasar.