Mene ne lexicology: definition, manufofin, dangantaka tare da sauran sciences

Modern Philology matsayin kimiyya kunshi dama sassan, kowanne daga abin da aka kishin nazarin rabe-sabon abu ko aji. Daya daga cikin wadannan sassan ne duqufar to irin wannan rukunin, kamar kalmomi. Yau za mu yi magana game da abin da yake lexicology, abin da yake da manufar, da kuma cewa ta ke karatu.

definition

Da farko, bari mu fara da definition of Concepts da kuma wani jerin babban al'amurran da suka shafi aikata da ta kimiyya.

Lexicology - wani reshe na harsuna da karatu da harshen, watau harshen ta ƙamus. Alamu da dual tsarin. Su duka biyu da wani shiri da kuma abun ciki na shirin magana.

A general, kimiyya da aka karatu da wadannan al'amurran da suka shafi:

1. Lexical abun da ke ciki na harshe.
2. A rabo tsakanin kalmomi da Concepts sanya musu.
3. Basic iri lexical ma'ana - kai tsaye, šaukuwa.
4. Tarihi na asalin kalmomin, ƙamus.
5. A cewar kungiyar, dangane da stylistic dabi'u, mita da amfani.

sassan

A lexicology gane sashe daban-daban da kuma subsections.

Wadannan sun hada da:

1. Total lexicology cewa karatu dokokin general na ci gaba ƙamus, ta aiki.
2. Musamman, da karatunsa da ƙamus na wani harshe.
3. Tarihi - nazarin tarihin asalin kalmomin, hanyar ƙamus. Na biyu na ta sunan - etymology.
4. Comparative - nazarin ƙamus na biyu ko fiye da harsuna, nuna rubutu da shi da kuma high kowa siffofin a cikin tsari da kuma ilimin harsuna.
5. Aiyuka lexicology - a kimiyya da karatu da tambayoyi na harsuna, al'adu na magana, kazalika da siffofin na Tattara bayanan kamus.

Sadarwa tare da sauran tarbiyya

Mun kuma gano cewa lexicology yanzu lokaci ya yi magana game da cewa tare da wasu daga Philology shi ake dangantawa.

Da farko shi ne kakkarfan dangankata da lexicography, da kimiyya da kafa da kuma aiki na kamus. The abu na nazarin lexicography ne a kamus, wanda ya rubuta duk bayanai game da kalmomi - su ilimin harsuna, nau'in siffofin, yi amfani da wannan turba, tarihi na asalin. Duk wadannan bayanai, masana kimiyya lexicographers samu kai tsaye ta wajen lexicography.

Yake da alaka da etymology, da kimiyya da asalin kalmomi. A etymological kamus an rubuta ba kawai ma'anar amma kuma ta asalin, tarihin samuwar kuma canji. Wani lokaci a cikin horo ba shakka "Lexicology", da definition wanda muka ba, etymology ba ware a raba sashe.

Onomastics - da kimiyya da ta dace sunayen. Bincikar zargin da aiki na dace sunayen - na farko da kuma karshe sunayen, sunayen garuruwa, kauyuka, da waɗansu kõguna, kamfanonin, sarari abubuwa.

Stylistics - nazarin aiki na wasu kungiyoyin na kalmomi a cikin wani musamman style bisa ga ma'anar da kuma asali, ikon yinsa.

Phraseology - da kimiyya da cewa na nazari akan salon maganarsu, karin magana, da faxin, hanyar da suka bayyana, darajar. Popular sau da yawa a cikin litattafan a kan Rasha harshen za a iya gani "Lexicology da phraseology" sashe, ko da yake wasu marubutan litattafan da darussa har yanzu fi son yin su a cikin biyu sassan a cikin binciken.

makaranta Hakika

Familiarization da lexicology, kamar wani reshe na harsuna, zai fara a makaranta. Tun da biyar sa, yara suna gabatar da kayan yau da kullum - bayyana abin da lexicology, koyi rarrabe tsakanin ma'ana, saɓanin ma'ana, kuma homonyms, karba mai biyu daga gare su, magana game da shubuha da kuma bambancinsa da kalmar, ka yi la'akari da sabon abu paronymy. Next gabatar da aiki da kuma m gefe, da daban-daban yadudduka da ƙamus - translation, yare, vernacular, kantselyarizmami.

Ci gaba a cikin dalibai da basira da kuma aiki tare da kamus - koya musu su sami wasu kalmomi daidai karanta shigarwar da kuma cire zama dole bayani.

A makarantar sakandare, wannan ilmi an maimaita, systematize kuma ƙarfafa.

Karatu a Jami'ar

A Faculty of Philology binciken sashe "Lexicology" Rasha harshen fara a cikin shekara ta biyu. A lokacin hanya, dalibai rarraba da asali Concepts lexicology, ƙamus nazari yadudduka a asalin, ta aikin bambance-bambancen karatu, stylistic yiwuwa na azuzuwan da kuma kungiyoyin na kalmomi.

Musamman a hankali karatu Concepts kamar ma'ana, saɓanin ma'ana, polysemy da homonymy, Paronyms. A lokaci guda sanar da dalibai tare da daban-daban vocabularies. Popular sau da yawa, a cikin shakka hada da phraseology kuma, cire ta 'yan darussa.

Har ila yau, quite sau da yawa a lokaci guda karatu lexicography lexicology, nuna rubutu da shi a cikin wani raba musamman hanya.

binciken

Mun kuma gano cewa lexicology ne, abin da suke da manyan wuraren aiki da kuma abin da Philology, ta ne mafi kakkarfan dangankata. A binciken da wannan sashe na harsuna fara a makaranta da kuma a cikin koyar da a Jami'ar a Faculty of Philology na ilimi a baya Samu kara bunkasa da kuma inganta.