Insemination na shanu: hanyoyi da shawarwari. Barbaran alura na shanu: Technology

Yau, kusan dukkan kasashen, ko ta wani hanya dogara ne a kan kansa da aikin noma, soma soma m ci gaba na karshen. Abin da ake nufi? Wannan ya nuna cewa farm manajoji na kokarin inganta aikin da harkokin kasuwanci, ba tare da kara yawan wajen samar. Wannan Gaskiya ne, a cikin dabba husbandry.

A zamani dabba husbandry kaucewa unacceptable barrenness dabbobi. Kowane saniya dole ne a shekara samar da akalla daya maraƙi. Hakika, zaki ya share a cikin arziki na wannan matsala taka ciyar da dabbobi sabis, amma kuma m insemination na shanu ne muhimmiyar.

Abubuwa ba su da nisa kwana

Ma har ɗari ɗari shekaru da suka wuce, kadai hanya don samun maraƙi ya da wata halitta Pairing tare da wata sãniya sa. Oddly isa, amma barbaran alura na shanu wanzu har sai, dai kawai ya dace ya woefully low. Akwai shaida da cewa ko da na farko wayewa ranchers gudanar da wani gwaji tare da taushi Sponges, Ya sanya daga shuka zaruruwa.

Wadannan dabbobi da aka sanya a cikin farji da kuma bayan halitta ma'abota matse. Kamar wancan yunkurin da aka yi na farko insemination lokaci daya da mahara dabbobi. Amma saniya bayan insemination ne da wuya ciki. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, nasarar da gudummawar da tsoho makiyaya zuwa kasa da 40% na lokuta.

Matsalar shi ne cewa maniyyi (idan irin wannan dabbanci hanya kafin su sami su) da aka sau da yawa maras kyau da kuma unviable, sabili da haka da nasara insemination na shanu juya waje, ba kowane lokaci.

Ba mamaki, da bijimai sun kasance a kowane rundown gona. Kuma shi dade (a cikin kasar, a kalla) har sai da 70-80-ies na karshe karni, da kuma a wasu wurare da sa saniya insemination ake amfani da su a wannan rana. Amma ka yi haka ne tsananin haramta.

Mene ne dalilin da cewa insemination na shanu ne kawai "mutum" aiki? Yana da matukar sauki. Cutar sankarar bargo da kuma sauran cututtuka na gona da dabbobi. Don tabbatar da danniya na jima'i watsa mai yiwuwa ne kawai idan kowane maniyyi allurai za a iya samu daga daya dabba gwada.

Tools amfani da insemination, kaya

Saboda haka, to inseminate wata sãniya wucin gadi Hanyar (daya daga uku), za su bukatar mai yawa kayan aikin da kayan aiki. The fi na asali da aka jera a cikin jerin kafa daga kasa:

• Sauna-defroster.
• A Dewar jirgin ruwa, wanda Stores daskararre maniyyi for barbaran alura na shanu.
• A sirinji-catheter.
• Tantancewar hange.
• Guanto.
• Madubin farji.
• Illuminator.
• Kayan aiki jakar, tare da taimakon wanda da barbaran alura na shanu. Manual (hukuma) ga mai gyara osemenatora.

Bugu da kari, kana bukatar wani babban isa da wadata na reagents amfani ga decontamination na yanayi da kuma gwaji na maniyyi lamarinsa.

Basic bayanai a kan tsari na da maki na wucin gadi insemination

Kowane bokan abu EUT za a hada da wadannan:

• Input shirayin da disinfectant mat.
• Fili fagen fama.
• A zuciya na wani abu ne mai cikakken dakunan gwaje-gwaje.
• Washing.
• Storage dakin.
• Inji for insemination, amma su ne kawai a cikin maki AI, wanda aka located a cikin kiwo gonaki. A wasu lokuta, da sadarwarka yana aiki "a cikin filin".

Ka lura da cewa a cikin fagen fama dole ne isasshe m fitilu tabbatar dace ta'aziyya a wurin aiki. Idan akwai inji, an yi su tsananin bisa ga bayar da wannan manufa tare da bayyana matsayin, saboda kulle na'urar dole ne duka biyu dogara, amma a lokaci guda ba su tsoratar da ko cuta da dabbobi žunsa.

Dole bukatar da dama buckets (zai fi dacewa na karfe, suna da sauki ga bakara) a cikin fagen fama ne ya zama mai wanke kwano, da ganga don samar da disinfecting mafita, kazalika da douches MUG. A dakin m osemenatora kuma sanya wani raba dakin da sabo iska iska, inda za a adana Dewar da daskararre maniyyi.

Location dakunan gwaje-gwaje da kuma wanka dakin

Just zama tabbata ga dakin gwaje-gwaje da aka located in a fairly mai haske da kuma mai fili dakuna, ƙofar wadda dole ne a can ne kawai ta hanyar wanka. Akwai dole ne a madubin tantance maniyyi sigogi, kabad domin ajiya na kayan aikin da reagents, kazalika da firiji.

Washing aka located kai tsaye a gaban fagen fama. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, an sanya sinks da kuma kayan aiki don wanka kayan aikin, kayan aiki da kuma kayayyakin amfani a cikin yi da sinadarai. Har ila yau a cikin wannan yanki zai iya samun wani raba Injin ya wanke tawul din, saman rigunansu gyara. Nan da nan da ƙarin alluna da Cabinets domin ajiya na kayan aiki, hotplate for tafasasshen ruwa da kuma dafa abinci mafita. All gabatarwa dole ne dole zama kamar fili, mai haske, da tsabta da kuma bushe.

Babban hanyoyin da insemination

A halin yanzu, wucin gadi insemination na shanu da uku main hanyoyin:

• Rektotservikalny.
• Vizotservikalny.
• Manotservikalny.

Rektotservikalnoe insemination

Mafi na kowa Hanyar da abin da barbaran alura na shanu. Mene ne wannan? Its sunan da aka hada da sassa biyu, da dubura - shi ne dubura. Cervix - da cervix. Kawai sa, da cervix a wannan hanya na insemination fix rectally. Ta yaya ne kai insemination?

A sadarwarka, da pre-cajin sirinji jarabce waje al'aura gabobin na dabba da rectal yankin. Hannunka a safar hannu ga rectal jarrabawa, da ya shiga cikin wani kai tsaye gut na dabba. Bayan sanya 'yan rotational motsi da kuma cimma shakatawa na jiki, ya sami cervix, kama da wani elongated ribbed Silinda da kuma gyara shi.

Biyu hannun osemenator shiga sirinji don barbaran alura na shanu a cikin farji, kuma a hankali turawa da shi gaba, saka da tip cikin cervix. Babban aiki - rike shi har zuwa yiwu, amma shi ba ya cuta da m mucous membrane rufi da jiki. Sa'an nan kashi na maniyyi ne ya gabatar a cikin mahaifa. Hannun rage a cikin dubura, da sadarwarka sa a yawan tausa ƙungiyoyi, a ko'ina rarraba maniyyi a cikin jiki kogo. Bayan aikin vulva akai-akai wanke bãya rauni bayani na potassium permanganate ko furatsilina.

Menene amfani ko rashin amfani wannan hanyar na insemination? Bari mu fara da disadvantages. Da fari dai, sadarwarka bukatar sosai a hankali: shi ne har yanzu na biyu hannu ne a cikin dubura, da kuma a kowane lokaci (idan da hankali ba osemenator) kai tsaye a kan sirinji iya tashi a yanki na dung. Kuma wannan, kamar yadda ba za ka iya fahimtar, yana sanya kawo karshen dole sterility na kayan aiki. Duk da ka fara a duk faɗin sake. Abin da kuma ba daidai ba ne tare da wannan dabara na wucin gadi insemination na shanu?

Abu na biyu, da matasa da kuma saba kwararru ba zai iya ko da yaushe sami cervix, kuma ta kam, duk abin da yake mafi muni. A sakamakon haka, da sirinji da aka saka a cikin mafi kyau idan ya ¼ na tsawon, wanda ta atomatik rage tasiri insemination hanyoyin zuwa unacceptably low dabi'u. Bugu da kari, saboda matalauta kam da kuma rashin iyawa da su taimaka a cikin pipette, shi haka ya faru da cewa sadarwarka injures mahaifa mucosa.

Kuma yanzu game da isa yabo. Oddly isa, amma shi rektotservikalnoe insemination na shanu da kuma shãnu - mafi hygienic Hanyar. Idan ka yi tunani game da shi, babu wani abu sabon abu a cikin wannan. Alkalin da kanka: a cikin farji shanu allura kawai wani bakin ciki pipette. Duk da haka, shi ne bakararre da kuma ba ya gudanar da wani na microflora.

Af! Idan shanu saki bayan insemination, shi ya sa hankalta to kalle su a hankali: idan asirin cike da laka kuma mummũna yellowish inclusions, shi ne kusan lalle magana game da kamuwa da cuta.

Saboda da kam na mahaifa gogaggen aiki cikakken dosed iri a cikin igiyar ciki rami, inda yiwuwar m insemination ƙaruwa muhimmanci. Bugu da kari ga wannan aiki, babu bukatar ga wani "nagartaccen" kida: kawai bukatan safar hannu da pipette tare da pre-seasoned da wani kashi na maniyyi. Saboda haka babu wani abu abin mamaki a gaskiyar cewa shi rektotservikalnoe insemination a halin yanzu samu mafi tartsatsi a cikin dukan ƙasashe inda tsunduma kiwo da kuma naman sa. Abin da sauran hanyoyi ne samuwa insemination na shanu?

Vizotservikalny hanyar

Kamar yadda a baya harka, da sunan kunshi biyu kalmomi. Game da ma'anar kalmar cervix ka riga sani, da kuma tushen "Visio" na nufin "a ga, ga lura." Wannan shi ne, a cikin wannan hanya na insemination sadarwarka gani nan da nan cervix. Ta yaya wannan zai yiwu? The abu ne, da yadda shi ne da za'ayi barbaran alura na shanu a wannan harka.

Cif daga gare su - da farji speculum. Wannan kayan aiki ne kama da wani irin tongs, kawai su jaws lokacin da guga man diverge a biyu kwatance. A wannan yanayin, da farji bango an miƙa zuwa gefe, Mai gani osemenator cervix. Haka kuma, bayan da shi da aka gabatar tare da sirinji da kuma kashi na maniyyi iri ne extruded cikin ciki rami na sashin jiki.

Wadanne ne karfi da raunin da wannan dabara? Bari mu fara da abũbuwan amfãni. Da farko, a lokacin da Hanyar insemination vizotservikalnom sadarwarka ganin cervix kuma iya tabbatar da daidaitar gabatarwar pipette gani. Wannan shi ne musamman m ga matasa kwararru da suka ba tukuna suna da dace kwarewa.

Bugu da kari, shi ne yafi muhimmanci, za ka iya kimanta yanayin da al'aura gabobin na dabba ne. Saboda haka da yawa sauki a lura alamun kamuwa da za a zahiri bayyana. Af, idan za'ayi da insemination na shanu bayan calving (biyu zuwa watanni uku), shi ne da farko wata dabba gwada for gaban endometritis (ciki har da boye).

Abin baƙin ciki, korau al'amurran ma m. Ba kamar da suka gabata hanya, wanda aka gabatar a cikin farji kawai "kananan-sized" pipette, a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki a al'aurar sadarwarka aka tilasta shigar da hannunka. Kafin cewa bukatar hankali sosai don wanke kau da vulva, kuma har yanzu babu tabbacin na adana sterility ba ya ba kowa. Bugu da kari, a lokacin da insemination a hanyar da matasa dabbobi suna da wani babba dama na lalacewar da mucous membranes daga cikin farji (idan sadarwarka daga cikin mafi girma da hannu).

sauran ƙarara

A karshe, shi ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba ga yadda ya kamata gyara cervix lokacin da wannan hanya na insemination. Saboda wannan, an saba gwani da kuma a cikin wannan yanayin, da chances wani nasara insemination su ne kadan.

A karshe, babban hasara ne da bukatar wani sosai sterilization madubi kafin insemination kowane (!) Animal. Hakika, ba duk osemenatory kidaya cancanci a yi haka, amma saboda akwai lokuta canja wurin cututtuka (idan shanu saki bayan insemination, shi ne kusan lalle m endometritis).

Amma duk da haka, duk da dukan da shortcomings, wannan hanya ne mai kyau a insemination na shãnu. Gaskiyar cewa su ne sosai wuya zuwa inseminate rektotservikalnym hanya. Da farko, a cikin su dubura iya kawai hawa na dabara hannu sosai sana'a. Na biyu, wannan yana zartuwa ga jima'i gabobin da matasa dabbobi. Saboda haka farji speculum da wani sirinji a cikin wadannan yanayi - cikakken "Duet". Bugu da kari, wani takamaiman bukatar mahaifa kam a wannan harka ba, kamar yadda a cikin shãnu da shi ba tukuna maras kyau, taushi, sabili da haka da sirinji don pipette prolazit ba tare da wani musamman matsaloli. Abin da sauran hanyoyin da insemination na shanu?

Manotservikalny hanyar

Saboda haka, abin da yake "cervix" ka riga sani. A "Manus" - a hannunka. Saboda haka cewa tsari ne sosai kama da baya daya, tare da daya banda - farji speculum da wannan hanya ba a yi amfani da. Kamar yadda a baya biyu lokuta, kafin fara aikin dole to sosai kurkura da vulva furatsilina bayani ko potassium permanganate, sa'an nan, shan hannun sirinji tare da wani kashi na maniyyi, don gabatar da shi cikin farji. A sadarwarka sami cervix, abun da ake sakawa da sirinji da kuma Firaministan abinda ke ciki a cikin jiki kogo.

A ka'ida, da dabara na insemination na shanu da wannan hanya ne gaba daya analogous vizotservikalnomu Hanyar. Amma duk da haka akwai kananan bambanci cewa shi ne kasa hadarin kamuwa da cuta, kamar yadda babu karin kayayyakin aiki a lokacin da ba a amfani.

Yadda za a gane ta saniya, a shirye domin insemination?

Saboda haka mu fahimci ainihin hanyoyin da barbaran alura. Duk da haka, domin duk wannan lokaci, kuma ba a shafa a tambaya na yadda za a ƙayyade da saniya shi ne riga shirye domin insemination hanya ...

Amma, shi ya sa ya kyawawan sauki. Idan irin dabba bugun jini a cikin sacrum da kafafuwa, sa'an nan shi tsaye har yanzu, yin wani ƙoƙari na shura da ku. A matsanancin labia zama da ɗan kumbura daga su iya tafi a kananan adadin share ko dan kadan blackish slime. Seeding ya zama wata sãniya, bayan jiran sa'o'i biyu bayan da farkon farauta. Bayan wani 10 hour hanya bada shawarar a maimaita. Ka tuna cewa farauta yana kawai game da 20 hours, saboda haka na gaba yunkurin zai zama samuwa ne kawai ta hanyar 20-21 kwanaki. Lokaci mafi kyau na insemination na shanu - safe.

Gwani sana'a iya duba for shiri shanu inseminated, kayan ado probing ovaries a rectal jarrabawa. The "balagagge" na dabba a fili m shirye follicle cewa shi ne game da su fashe, sakewa da kwai. Sa'an nan, a yi irin wannan binciken zai iya kawai zama sosai gwani kuma m gwani a matsayin m dabaru za kusan lalle lalata follicle, yin kara insemination m.

Tsari da shiri na dabba insemination

Idan insemination ne da za'ayi ba a fagen fama (as shi ne sau da yawa haka al'amarin), ya kamata a sosai tsabtace kafin turken shanu aikace-aikace. Ka tuna cewa tsaftacewa a wani hali da ka iya amfani da "wuya" disinfectants, iyakance al'ada potassium permanganate ko wani abu irin wannan. A na baya saniya nassi da hannu tsabtace na taki. Mai aiki dole ne samu cervix da kuma ta jiki, sa'an nan a tausa na wadannan gabbai. A rare lokuta, idan ka har yanzu amfani da shanu insemination sa, dabba kafin tupping ma bukatar da za a tsabtace!

Bayan nan, da dukan mayar da saniya, ciki har da ischial tuberosity da kuma tushen da wutsiya, a hankali wanke da dumi soapy ruwa, gaba daya cire bushe taki crusts, secretions da kuma kama. D. lokacin da ya gama da wannan kurkura bayani furatsilina magani yankin. Kawai bayan duk wadannan hanyoyin iya ci gaba zuwa insemination. Saboda haka mutane da yawa "wash" hawan keke bukatar ka ciyar domin tabbatar da cewa babu rubuta a cikin haihuwa tsarin na wata sãniya ne babu kamuwa da cuta. Wannan ke za'ayi da insemination na shanu.

Lura cewa barbaran alura na dabbobi a 'yan shekarun ci gaba sosai cikin sauri. Wannan yana yuwuwa ta da cewa dabbobi - wani riba ga tattalin arziki, kuma maniyyi daga m sires ayan yi amfani da matsakaicin yadda ya dace.

Barbaran alura damar ba kawai don kawo yiwuwar faru na maraƙi har zuwa 100%, amma kuma ya sa ya yiwu don samun daga wata sãniya tare da 'yan maruƙa biyu da shekara (daya an haifi, na biyu - a cikin mahaifa). Kamar wancan kulawa kayar barrenness da kuma inganta tattalin arziki riba na tattalin arziki.