Heat Exchanger. Nau'in zafi exchangers. Nau'in zafi exchangers

Kowannen mu yana fuskantar mafi sauki kadan exchangers. A karin misalin mai gina "tube a tube" ko wani abu kamar haka ba. Ba zai zama da wuya su yi tunanin rayuwarmu, idan ya yi ba ƙirƙira zafi Exchanger. Don kwanan wata, akwai wata babbar lamba na zafi exchangers. Tsakanin kansu, suke sãɓã wa jũna ba kawai a cikin bayani dalla-dalla amma wannan turba, zane, da sauransu. N. Bari mu tattauna a more daki-daki, a kan batun da kuma nazarin ban sha'awa lokacin.

Wasu janar bayanai

A zafi Exchanger - a na'urar amfani don canja wurin zafi daga daya yanayi zuwa wani. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa da zafi Exchanger kanta, ba tare da dumama kayan aiki, shi ne gaba daya mara amfani, amma a cikin hadaddun za a iya samu kyakkyawan sakamako da kuma nasara zafi ko da manya-manyan da kuma sanyi da dakuna. Bugu da kari, masana kimiyya suna kullum kokarin rage zafin rana asara idan aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani daban-daban yanayi. Yau ba zai iya gadara da 100% yadda ya dace, amma ya dace da 90-95% iya magana gabagaɗi,. Aiki da kuma fasaha halaye na samfurin ana inganta hanyar yin amfani da shirya musamman kayan, kazalika da coolant. Hakika, yana da dan kadan qara farashin da kayan aiki, amma yana da daraja da shi.

A lokacin da zayyana injiniyoyi suna kullum fuskanci mai saɓani da bukatun da dole ne a hadu a cikin wani guda vial. Alal misali, shi wajibi ne don rage da ya kwarara da juriya da kuma ta haka inganta zafi canja wuri coefficient. Heat Exchanger dole ne resistant zuwa lalata, amma shi ne ba ma wuya ga sabis. Duk wannan ya kai ga cewa akwai mutane da yawa iri zafi exchangers. Dangane da halin da ake ciki, yi amfani da daya da cewa mafi kyau yi daidai.

Nau'in zafi exchangers

Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, akwai a halin yanzu da yawa daga zafin rana exchangers. Sama da duka, su dole ne a raba ta aiwatar da zafi canja wuri matsakaici. Ga zafi exchangers ya kasu kashi da wadannan kungiyoyin:

• recuperative.
• regenerative.
• hadawa.
• electrically mai tsanani.

Bari mu dauki wani kusa duba recuperative zafi exchangers. Samfurin zane yakan haifar da kasancewar wani guda-Layer ko Multi-Layer bango ta hanyar abin da zafin rana da aka canjawa wuri. Yawanci wannan ya auku a wani kwari motsi. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a irin wannan zafi canja wuri inji ne da za'ayi ta tilasta motsi ba tare da canza lokaci jihar. Amma wannan kawai ya shafi m zafi exchangers. Idan muka yi magana da aggregates da lokaci-lokaci aiki yanayin, sa'an nan ga wasu lokaci shi ne da za'ayi dumama, danshin da sanyaya, duk a cikin bi da bi yanayin. Irin wannan na'urorin ne kadan exchangers da unsteady thermal motsi. Wannan shi ne saboda da yawan zafin jiki na coolant a mashiga ruwa da kuma a cikin kanti ya bambanta muhimmanci. Sau da yawa irin wannan raka'a ake samu a cikin nau'i na coils kuma suna farantin, Ribbed, da sauran siffofin. A kadan daga baya za mu dubi dama iri. Amma wannan rarrabuwa zafi exchangers ba ya kawo karshen akwai.

Regenerative raka'a da lantarki dumama

A wannan yanayin, kamar yadda a cikin babi da ya gabata, ga watsin da thermal makamashi da ake amfani da zafi canja wuri surface. Duk da haka, wannan yanki ne da wani irin abin da aka makala. Yana hidima a matsayin tsaka-tsaki jari nufin cewa accumulates zafi. By kuma manyan, dukan tsari za a iya raba da dama, saukarwa. A mataki na farko bututun ƙarfe daukan wani adadin zafi. To, akwai wani miƙa mulki ga mataki na biyu, da kuma coolant aka zarce da bututun ƙarfe surface. Wannan ya faru a lokacin da canza coolant gudana. A wannan mataki, da bututun ƙarfe ne a hankali sanyaya, da kuma zafi ne tara a cikin matsakaici da za a kona, wanda zai iya zama dakin.

Regenerators ne da ba-tsit raka'a. A bututun ƙarfe ne sau da yawa gyarawa, da kuma thermal tafiyar matakai - synchronously maimaita. Na'urorin na irin wannan sukan kira skruberrami ko sanyaya hasumiyarki.

Jigon da electrically mai tsanani zafi exchangers ne cewa a matsayin na farko tushen zafi ta yin amfani da wutar lantarki. Domin mayar da wutar lantarki da makamashi cikin thermal makamashi ta amfani da wutar lantarki baka kafuwa. Suna iya zama duka biyu kai tsaye da kuma kai tsaye ba dumama. Mafi na kowa zafi exchangers masana'antu - shigar da kuma juriya heaters. Kamar yadda ka gani, da zafi exchangers iya zama daban-daban, mu bincika daki-daki, kowane jinsin, da ikon yinsa, kuma zane fasali.

karkace zafi exchangers

The na'urar kunshi wani biyu daga karkace tashoshi. Yawancin su suna da rauni a kusa da tsakiyar gagara. Domin wannan an yi su ne daga yanar gizo abu. Ya kamata a lura cewa karkace zafi exchangers ne dace da dumama da kuma sanyaya ruwaye da ciwon high danko coefficient.

By kuma manyan dumama surface an kafa daga biyu karfe zanen gado da suke hade da wani Weld zuwa tsakiya. Unit kanta kunshi kawai 2 tashoshi, kullum rectangular giciye sashe kafa a cikin siffar wani karkace. A ƙarshen karkace (ciki) yana da wani bangare bango da kuma gyarawa ta hanyar fil. Heat exchangers iya sarrafa biyu a tsaye da kuma a kwance. Idan ba shi yiwuwa a kafa daya da irin saboda kasa sarari ko hadaddun sanyi sarari, sa'an nan na biyu da aka yi amfani da, a mafi fi so. Shi ne kuma mai ban sha'awa cewa mabukaci iya zaɓi wani karkace zafi exchangers tare da daban-daban widths karkace, daga 20 zuwa 150 santimita. A wannan yanayin da dumama surface za a iya bambanta daga 3.2 zuwa 100 murabba'in mita tare da wani matsakaicin tsarin matsa lamba na 1 MPa.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa zafi canja wuri kayan aiki yana da yawan gagarumin abũbuwan amfãni. Da fari dai, wannan rage kwarara juriya. Abu na biyu, Compactness kuma high dace, da kuma tsanani da zafi. Amma duk da wannan gudummawar da cewa akwai flaws a cikin nau'i na hadaddun yi da kuma gyara.

A kan farantin zafi exchangers

A halin yanzu kerarre gaßoßi da kuma wadanda ba farantin zafi exchangers. Babu shakka, na farko irin shi ne mafi fin so a cikin ra'ayi na wasu dalilai mabambanta. Da fari dai, shi ne mai sauki tabbatarwa. Irin wannan kayan aiki ne sosai da sauri taru da disassembled, don haka duk wani gazawar da aka shafe cikin wani gajeren lokaci. Shãfe haske model an ba yakan gyara, kuma idan an yi haka, to, da yawa ya fi tsayi.

A gaskiya, da sunan ya nuna cewa kayan aiki kunshi wani tari na prefabricated faranti. Su za a iya sanya daga daban-daban abu kamar tagulla, titanium, graphite, da sauransu. N. Kusan ko da yaushe domin inganta aiki Properties corrugated faranti ake yi. Farantin zafi exchangers gudana na sanyi da kuma zafi coolant kwarara yadudduka.

A kanta, da kayan aiki ne mai kyau a cewa yana da wani m layout. Yana yiwuwa a kara zafi musayar surface yankin, da kuma shi duka zo tare a gwada da kananan size. A cikin wani hali, kafin a saye ne da za'ayi lissafi zafi exchangers, wanda ba ka damar samun bayanai game da yadda ikon na'urar wajibi ne a wani batu. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa duk da faranti wadda aka tsaurara a cikin kunshin saboda wannan siffar form tashoshi tsakanin su. Ta hanyar su, da ruwa gudana. Kuma yanzu za mu dubi wasu karin ban sha'awa bayani cewa dangantaka da kayan aiki.

A amfani da gaskets

Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, babban kashi na zafi musayar faranti ana amfani. Suna sanya tare da sanyi stamping. A saboda wannan dalili lalata resistant gami da cewa za a iya muhimmanci inganta karko da kuma yadda ya dace na naúra. A kauri daga cikin faranti dangane da model iya Range daga 0.4 zuwa 1.0 mm. A cikin aiki matsayi da faranti suna guga man tam ga juna. Wannan samar da wani kananan slotted tashoshi. A gaban gefen akwai wani musamman tsagi a cikin roba GASKET (hatimi) domin saita. Bugu da kari, akwai ramuka a cikin gammaye, wanda ake bukata domin samar da kuma kau da ruwa. A yanayin da daya daga cikin nasara apertures bayar da wani tsarin da magudanun ruwa GROOVES, kawar da hadawa da zafi da sanyi yanayin.

By samar da wani counterflow tsakanin biyu muhallin da aka cimma ba kawai inganta zazzabi sa, amma kuma mafi m zafi canja wuri a gwada low na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa juriya. Kada zama amiss zuwa ce cewa asali manufa na aiki dogara ne a kan counter, wato, da motsi na da dumama da kuma dumama ruwa a daban-daban kwatance. Domin ware hadawa kafa biyu roba hatimi ko farantin karfe. Yawan faranti da kuma tashoshi iya bambanta dangane da aiki da bukatun ga kayan aiki. Kafin samar da gudanar da thermal zane zafi exchangers, wanda damar domin sanin mafi kyau duka yanayin na aiki. Wani lokacin amfani da tsada gami da cewa ba su ji tsoron dogon lokacin da amfani a cikin matsananci halin wurare.

Farantin-filafilin kifi zafi exchangers

ORT aka yi amfani don canja wurin zafi da ba lalatattu, kuma gaseous kafofin watsa labarai a cikin wani m zazzabi range, daga -270 zuwa +200 digiri Celsius. A matsa lamba a cikin tsarin iya isa 100 atmospheres da kuma fara da wani injin. The zane ne da ra'ayin da ake ji a ribbed surface a garesu daga cikin farantin. Da na'urar da kanta kunshi dama hakarkarinsa, kuma ta hanyar da zafi canja wuri ne da za'ayi tsakanin kafofin watsa labarai. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa shi ne finned farantin zafi Exchanger yana da wani babban iri-iri siffofin hakarkarinsa. Wannan ba ka damar canza yawan aiki da kuma fasaha halaye. Mafi sau da yawa za ka iya ganin a ci gaba da kuma wavy gefuna. Amma baya daga wadannan, akwai kuma mafi m, kamar perforated da scaly. Kamar yadda wani abu amfani ga takardar karfe. Su kauri ne kayyade dangane da matsa lamba a cikin tsarin da m amfani.

Sau da yawa wadannan iri zafi exchangers sanya tare da daban-daban -daban na zirga-zirga gudana. Da aka fi amfani counter, amma kuma rike uniflow kuma gicciye makirci. Idan, duk da haka, a takaice dai magana game da karfi na wannan kayan aiki, da yawa daga cikinsu. Da fari dai, yana da yi halaye, kamar m da kuma tsanani zafi. Abu na biyu, yana da kananan size. Yau, mutane da yawa sun ce yana filafilin kifi zafi exchangers ne mafi m. Da aka fi amfani ORT, a sassa kamar makamashi, man fetur refining, sinadaran da kuma jirgin sama masana'antu. Duk wannan shi ne saboda a manyan yawan abũbuwan amfãni, kazalika da fadi da kewayon ruwa da kuma matsa lamba a cikin tsarin.

Shell da kuma tube zafi Exchanger zane & siffofin

Zafi canja wuri kayan aiki surface type, da muka riga muka tattauna, ba kamar yadda rare a matsayin harsashi da kuma tube raka'a. Waɗannan su ne na'urorin, wanda aka ambata a cikin farkon, a cikin sauki version - a tsarin "bututu a bututu". A zafi Exchanger, irin wannan, wani tsarin (katako) shambura wanda aka sanya a cikin casing. Zavaltsovyvayut tube da kuma welded zuwa jikin samfurin. A wasu lokuta, ƙarin ƙona. Wannan shi ne don tabbatar 100% tightness. Da gidaje da aka bayar tare da ƙarin nozzles. Wasu bukatar samar da tururi, wasu - don cire condensate. Bugu da kari, a harka akwai giciye-raga, wadda ake amfani da su goyi bayan zafin rana musayar shambura tare da dukan tsawon na naúra. Sha'awa, da harsashi da kuma tube zafi exchangers ake amfani a yanayin zafi na 190 digiri Celsius, ko cikakken tururi matsa lamba fi 15 mashaya.

Duk wani tsarin, yana ambaton motsi da ruwa iya fallasa waterhammer. Wannan sabon abu iya partially ko gaba daya janye kayan aiki daga sabis. Don kauce wa wannan, yi amfani da daban-daban iri ajiya abubuwa, da ake kira karuwa tanki. Amma a cikin yanayin ba lallai ba ne, domin da harsashi da kuma tube zafi exchangers musu sosai a barga. Bugu da kari, ba sa a gaba stringent bukatun ga tsarki na muhalli. A gagarumin hasara na wannan kayan aiki ne cewa duk wani nau'i na zafi exchangers na irin wannan ne sosai karfe-m, wanda rinjayar da karshe kudin da size.

Heat exchangers for gas kayan aiki

Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa wani m man fetur ko gas tukunyar jirgi ne da zafi Exchanger a zane, suna kuma kira heaters. The main iri mun tattauna tare da ku. Kamar yadda ka iya lura, wasu iri ana amfani da daban-daban da masana'antu. Wasu na'urorin sun sami fadi amfani, wasu suna amfani da masana'antu da kuma ba su dace da sauran. A cikin akwati, a can ne da yin amfani da tubular da farantin zafi exchangers. A cikin farko idan muna anfani da wani tsarin na shambura a karo na biyu - da faranti. A ka'ida, ko da kuwa da irin zafi Exchanger ga wani gas shafi dole ne hadu da dama da bukatun. Da fari dai, suna da wani babban zafi canja wuri coefficient, kuma abu na biyu, ya zama m da kuma resistant zuwa high yanayin zafi. A mafi m kayan su da jan karfe, aluminum da karfe. A karshen wani zaɓi ne kasa fin so, tun da irin wannan wani karfe yana da babban nauyi, wanda lowers da ya dace. A cikin wani hali mai zafi Exchanger ga wani gas shafi dole ne a kalla 5 shekaru.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka mu duba tare da ku cikin babban iri zafi exchangers. Ba tare da hankali suna da irin nau'in yadda kozhuhoplastinchatye. A ka'ida, ba su muhimmanci bambanta daga gargajiya farantin ko finned. Amma sau da yawa yiwu a sami gagarumar wuta ga wanka da zafi Exchanger ciwon casing. Duk da haka, da key alama ne da cewa kayan aiki ne resistant zuwa high yanayin zafi da kuma aiki matsin lamba. Cikinsa da gidaje iya sanya na kayan kamar titanium, bakin karfe, ko carbon karfe. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa da gagarumar wuta ga wanka da zafi Exchanger kozhuhoplastinchatym da kayyade ta biyu, ko condensate, wanda lalle ne wani gagarumin amfani. A ka'ida, yana yiwuwa ya gama da labarin, saboda yanzu ka san game da zafi exchangers ne duk kana bukatar.